Lipids - 3.5 - (1) Flashcards
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What are lipids, or fats and oils?
they are molecules that contain the elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
What are fats that are lipids at room temperature?
solid
What are oils that are lipids at room temperature?
liquid
Why are lipids non-polar molecules?
as the electrons in the outer orbitals that form the bonds are more evenly distributed than in polar molecules
What areas are not present within the molecules?
no positive or negative areas and that’s why lipids are not soluble in water
What does not mix?
oil and water
What are lipids known as?
large complex molecules known as macromolecules
What are lipids not built from?
repeating units, or monomers, like polysaccharides
How is a triglyceride made?
by combining one glycerol molecule with three fatty acids
What is glycerol a member of?
a group of molecules called alcohols
What do fatty acids belong to a group of?
molecules called carboxylic acids
What do fatty acids consist of?
a carboxyl group (-COOH) with a hydrocarbon chain atached
What groups interact?
hydroxyl groups, leading to the formation of three water molecules and bonds between the fatty acids and the glycerol molecule
What are the bonds between the fatty acids and the glycerol molecule called?
ester bonds
What is the reaction that causes bonds between the fatty acids and the glycerol molecule called?
esterification
