Carbohydrates - 3.3 (2) Flashcards
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What happens when two alpha glucose molecules are side by side?
the two hydroxyl groups interact with each other (react)
What happens when the two hydroxyl groups interact?
the bonds are broken and new bonds are reformed in different places, producing new molecules
What is fructose and galactose?
hexose monosaccharides
Where does fructose naturally occur in?
fruit, often in combo with glucose forming the disaccharide sucrose -> which is known as cane sugar or sugar
What does galactose and glucose form?
the disaccharide lactose
Where is lactose commonly found?
in milk and milk products
What is fructose sweeter than?
glucose
What is glucose sweeter than?
galactose
What are pentose monosaccharides?
sugars that contain five carbon atoms
Why are two pentose sugars important components of biological molecules?
ribose is the sugar present in RNA nucleotides
What is deoxyribose the sugar present in?
DNA nucleotides
How are many alpha glucose molecules joined by?
glycosidic bonds to form two slightly different polysaccharides known as starch
How is the glucose made by photosynthesis in plant cells stored as?
starch
What can starch serve as?
a chemical energy store
What is one of the polysaccharides in starch called?
amylose
