Biological elements - 3.1 (2)

Question 1

Bonding follows simple rules, what is it determined by?

Answer 1

the number of unpaired electrons that are present in the outer orbitals of different elements

Question 2

How many bonds can carbon form with other atoms?

Answer 2

4

Question 3

How many bonds can nitrogen form with other atoms?

Answer 3

3

Question 4

How many bonds can oxygen form with other atoms?

Answer 4

2

Question 5

How many bonds can hydrogen form with other atoms?

Answer 5

1

Question 6

Why is life on this planet often referred to as being ‘carbon-based’?

Answer 6

because carbon, which can form four bonds, forms the backbone of most biological molecules

Question 7

What are ions?

Answer 7

an atom or molecule where the total number of electrons is not equal to the total number of protons

Question 8

What is a cation?

Answer 8

where an atom or molecule loses one or more electrons and then has a overall positive charge

Question 9

What is an anion?

Answer 9

where an atom or molecule gains electrons and then has a overall negative charge

Question 10

In ionic bonding, what does one atom in the pair give?

Answer 10

an electron and the other atom receives it

Question 11

What does ionic bonding form?

Answer 11

positive and negative ions that are basically held together by the attraction of the opposite charges