Lipids Flashcards
The group of compounds called _____ is made up of substances with widely different ______ and _____
Lipid, composition, structures
Lipids are defined in term of a _____ or ____
Physical property, solubility
Lipids are biological molecules that are _____ in water but soluble in ____ solvents
Insoluble, nonpolar
Lipids are the waxy greasy or oily compounds found in _____ and ____
Animals, plants
Lipids ____ water, a useful characteristic of protective wax coating found on some plants
Repel
_____ and _____ are energy rich and have relatively low densities
Fats, oil
Other lipids are used as structural components especially in the formation of _____
Cellular membranes
What are the two main classes of lipids
*Saponifiable lipids
*Nonsaponifiable lipids
Refers to the process in which esters are hydrolyzed under basic condition
Saponification
What are the esters that belongs to first class
1.Triglycerides
2. Waxes
3. Phospholipids
4. Sphinoglolipids
Are not esters and cannot be hydrolyzed
Nonsaponifiable lipids
Biological compound that is soluble only in nonpolar solvents
Lipid
An ester containing lipid with just two types of components an alcohol and one or more fatty acids
Simple lipid
An ester containing lipid with more than two types of components an alcohol fatty acid plus others
Complex Lipid
A spherical cluster of molecules in which the polar portions of the molecule are on the surface and the nonpolar portions are located in the interior
Micelle
A fatty acid needed by the body but not synthesized within the body
Essential fatty acids
A triester of glycerol in which all three alcohol groups are esterified
Triglyceride or triacylglycerol
A triglyceride that is solid at room temperature
Fat
A triglyceride that is liquid at room temperature
Oil
Assault of fatty acid often used as a cleaning agent
Soap
An ester of a long chain fatty acid and a long chain alcohol
Wax
A complex lipid containing glycerol fatty acid phosphoric acid and an amino alcohol component
Phosphoglyceride/Phospholipid
A phosphorus containing lipid
Phospholipid
A phospoglyceride containing choline
Lecithin
A phosphoglyceride containing ethanolamine or serene
Cephalin
A complex lipid containing the amino alcohol sphingsine
Sphingolipid
A complex lipid containing sphingosine, a fatty acid and a carbohydrate
Glycolipid
A simple unicellular organism that contains no nucleus and no membrane enclosed organelles
Prokaryotic cell
A cell containing membrane and closed organelles particularly a nucleus
Eukaryotic cell
A specialized structure within a cell that performs a specific function
Organelle
A model of membrane structure in which proteins are embedded in a flexible lipid bilayer
Fluid mosaic model
A structure found in membranes consisting of two sheets of lipid molecules arranged so that the hydrophobic portions are facing each other
Lipid bilayer
A compound containing four rings fused in a particular pattern
Steroid
A chemical messenger secreted by specific glands and carried by the blood to a target tissue, where it triggers a particular response
Hormones
