Lipids

Question 1

What are the types of lipids

Answer 1

1. triglycerides
2. phospholipids

Question 2

Describe the structure of trigylcerides.

Answer 2

• made of glycerole and 3 fatty acids
• joined together by ester bonds
• are either satuated or unsaturated

Question 3

What are the properties of triglyceride?

Answer 3

• has a high amount of carbon-hydrogen bonds
• low mass to energy ratio
• large and non-polar
• high ratio of hydrogen-oxygen

Question 4

How does the high amount carbon-hydrogen bonds relate to truglyceride’s structure?

Answer 4

• carbon-hydrogen bonds are an energy store
• so lots of them make triglyceride a greate energy store

Question 5

How does a low mass to energy ratio relate to truglyceride’s structure?

Answer 5

• it means that a high amount of energy can be stores in a small space
• beneficial for animals as there is less mass to carry around

Question 6

How does being large and non-polar relate to truglyceride’s structure?

Answer 6

it makes insoluble in water which means that it won’t affect the water potential of cells

Question 7

How does the high amount hydrogen-oxygen atoms relate to truglyceride’s structure?

Answer 7

• it means that when condensation occurs water molecules will be produced
• this supplies a source of water for animals in dry climates

Question 8

Describe the structure of the glyceride.

Answer 8

• 2 fatty acids and a phophate molecule attached to a glyceride
• phosphate group head is hydrophilic
• fatty acid tails are hydrophobic
• polar

Question 9

How does being polar relate to phosopholipid’s function?

Answer 9

• it creates a bilayer in aqueous environments
• having hydrophilic head used to hold on the surface of the cell membrane
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Question 10

How does their general structure relate to phosopholipid’s function?

Answer 10

it allows them to bond with carbohydrates to form glycolipids which is essentail for cell recognition