LIPIDS

Question 1

Lipids

Answer 1

Contain carbon hydrogen and oxygen they are fats and oils which are only soluble in organic solvents . Non-polar

Question 2

Saturated means

Answer 2

The lipids do not contain any carbon to carbon double bonds

Question 3

Implications of saturated fat

Answer 3

• Can increase cholesterol levels in the blood
  -possibly cause CHD

Question 4

Saturated fats are

Answer 4

Solid at room temperature

Question 5

Unsaturated fats are

Answer 5

Liquid at room temperature

Question 6

Fatty acids vary

Answer 6

in chain length and double bonds

Question 7

Triglycerides Consist

Answer 7

of one molecule of glycerol bonded to 3 fatty acids and are joined by ester bond formed by a condensation reaction

Question 8

Triglyceride properties

Answer 8

-Energy Storage in plants and animal cells
-can release water if hydrolysed
-can be used for water proofing in plants and animals
- Used for protection of internal organs

Question 9

Phospholipid’s are

Answer 9

One molecule of glycerol bonded to two fatty acids and a phosphate group

Question 10

Unsaturated fats are found in

Answer 10

Plants and are more healthier as the provide fatty acids

Question 11

The greater the number of unsaturated bonds

Answer 11

The weaker the intermolecular forces of attraction

Question 12

Phospholipid properties

Answer 12

-Heads are exposed to water so hydrophilic
-Tails are not exposed to water so Hydrophobic
-play a major role in the removal of cholesterol in cells

Question 13

Hydrophobic means

Answer 13

Non-Polar

Question 14

Hydrophilic means

Answer 14

Polar

Question 15

What bonds hold triglycerides

Answer 15

Ester bonds

Question 16

Monounsaturated

Answer 16

fatty acids contain 1 carbon to carbon double bond

Question 17

Polyunsaturated

Answer 17

fatty acids contain more than 1 carbon to carbon double bond

Question 18

what is meant by low density lipoprotein (LDL)

Answer 18

• combination of trigylcerrieds from saturated fats and protein
• it blocks receptor sites and reduces cholesterol absorption
• known as BAD LIPOPROTEIN

Question 19

How do LDL’s contribute to cardiovascular diseases

Answer 19

the high blood cholesterl level caused by LDL’s leads to the formation atherosclerosis plaques

Question 20

Waxes

Answer 20

Lipids that melt above 45.C . Waterproofing role

Question 21

Properties of lipids

Answer 21

1. Long term energy reserves
   2.thermal insulation
2. Protection
   4.structural
   5.electrical insulation-myelin sheets that surrounds axons (phospholipids)
   6.waterproofing-waxes

Question 22

Main causes of heart disease are the

Answer 22

Fatty deposits on the inner wall of the coronary arteries atherosclerosis and high blood pressure (hypertension)

Question 23

Lipids and proteins combine to form

Answer 23

Lipoproteins which travel round the body in the blood stream

Question 24

If the diet has a high proportion of unsaturated fats

Answer 24

The body makes more high density lipoproteins carries harmful fats away