Lipid Profile

Question 1

What are lipid and how are they carried in blood

Answer 1

Lipid are water insoluble organic molecules that constituents cell and has energy production essentiality
They are carries by lipoproteins molecule

Question 2

How are lipid transported in blood

Answer 2

Triacylgltcrides are transported by chylomicrins from their source and vldl from liver
Cholesterol is carried by hdl where it transports cholesterol to liver while ldl is carrying cholesterol to tissues

Question 3

Lipid profile tests

Answer 3

Total cholesterol
Hdl cholesterol
LDL cholesterol
Extended through vldl cholesterol
Non hdl cholesterol
Some reports include cholesterol hdl ratio
Risk score

Question 4

Total cholesterol

Answer 4

Measures all cholesterol in lipoprotein particle
Tc=ldl+hdl+vldl/1/5 of tag

Question 5

LDL

Answer 5

Total cholesterol carried by DLL particle and is often called bad cholesterol as it carry cholesterol to tissues
Tc-hdl-vldl=ldl

Question 6

Hdl

Answer 6

All cholesterol Carried by hdl and is often called good cholesterol as it carries cholesterol to liver
Hdl=tc-ldl-vldl

Question 7

Vldl

Answer 7

Counted as one fifth of triacyglecerol and carries lipid from liver so importunate for preventing fatty liver

Question 8

When is it requested

Answer 8

Part of routine checkup every 5 years
Patients at high risk
Medical conditions that could be associated with lipid profiling a pancreatitis
Children at high risk
Monitor response to medication as statins or alternation of lifestyle and diet

Question 9

Risk factors

Answer 9

Obesity
Males of 45 age or more
Females of 50 age o more
Hypertension
Smoking
Diabetes
Cod history in family
Sedentary lifestyle
Junk food

Question 10

How to prepare a patient for lipid profile test

Answer 10

Fasting for 12 to 14 hours no eating just drinking waterr

Blood sample taken from vein or by skin puncture

Question 11

Test results are

Answer 11

Ldl:normally at 100 and high risk 160
Hdl: normally at 60 high risk if less than 35
Tags: are at 150 normally and high risk at 200
Total cholesterol:normally at 200 and risk if more than 240
Cholesterol to hdl ratio is 4:1 normally and high risk if more than 6:1

Question 12

Why is ldl a risk factor

Answer 12

LDL is considered bad cholesterol as it deposits cholesterol in tisssues like vessel wall leading to narrowing of their lumen and thickness and hard walls might be called atherosclerosis

Question 13

Causes of hypercholesterolemia

Answer 13

Diet rich in sfa, carbs and cholesterol
Drinking coffee and smoking
Diabetes
Obesity
Obstructive jaundice
Hyperlipoproteinemis
Hypothyrodism
Nephrosis

Question 14

Causes of hypocholesterolemia

Answer 14

Prolonged starvation
Hyperthyroidism
Diet poor in sfa, carbs and cholesterol and rich in usfa
Liver diseases
Infections