Lipid metabolism Flashcards
Lipid solubility in water?
insoluble
How are non-polar lipids (e.g. cholesterol esters and triglycerides) transported round the body?
within lipoproteins
what are levels of HDL and LDL like in cardiovascular disease?
low HDL and high LDL
4 main lipoproteins?
HDL, LDL, VLDL and chylomicrons
which lipoproteins contain apoA1 and apoA2?
HDL
which lipoproteins contain apoB100?
LDL and VLDL
chylomiscrons contain apoB__?
48
where do apoB containing lipoproteins deliver triglycerides to?
muscle and adipocytes for storage
where are chylomicrons made?
intestines
what do chylomicrons do?
transport dietary triglycerides
VLDL particles assembled where ?
liver
what are VLDL formed from?
free fatty acids derived from adipose tissue and de novo synthesis
what is LPL?
lipoprotein lipase, lipolytic enzyme associated with the endothelium of capillaries in adipose and muscle tissue
where is LDL cleared?
liver
why is LDL bad ?
taken from blood into intima of artery then oxidised into OXLDL. OXLDL converts macrophages into cholesterol laden foam cells that form a fatty streak. Get a formation of an atheromatous plaque consisting of a lipid core and a fibrous cap
why is HDL good?
HDL has a key role in removing excess cholesterol from cells by transporting it in plasma to the liver. Only the liver has the capacity to eliminate cholesterol from the body (as cholesterol secreted into bile, or used to synthesize bile salts)
where is HDL formed mainly?
in the liver
what kind of drug is a statin?
hmg coa reductase inhibitor
other beneficial effects of statins?
decreased inflammation, reversal of endothelial dysfunction,decreased thrombosis, stabilisation of atherosclerotic plaques
first line drug for patients with very high triglyceride levels?
fibrates
