hypertension Flashcards
arbitrary cut off for hypertension ?
140/90
how many stages of hypertension are there?
5
stages?
Stage1 ≥ 140/90 Stage 2 ≥ 160/100 Stage 3 ≥180 sys or ≥ 110 dias. Isolated systolic ≥ 160 systolic Hypertensive crisis ≥ 200/120 + papilloedema.
when there is no defined cause for the hypertension, what is this called?
primary hypertension
when there is a defined cause
2y
when should you consider a secondary cause of hypertension ?
if under 40
treatment resistant
positive findings on urinalysis
investigations for diagnosis?
clinic blood pressure
APBM is required for diagnosis
what would you do in terms of assessment ?
fbc, us and es, glucose, cholesterol and TFT
fundocropy
urine dipstick
what might an ECG show in hypertension ?
LVH
how would you asses their cardiovascular risk?
using a scoring system like QRISK
when should pharmacological treatment be started in stage 1?
diabetes renal disease end organ damage established CV disease 10 year cardiovascular risk is over 20 percent
why are ace inhibitors contraindicated in pregnancy?
they can cause damage to the babys kidneys
hypertensive emergency when BP is over?
200/120 with evidence of end organ damage
causes of hypertensive emergency?
thyroid storm phaeochromocytoma glomerulonephritis eclampsia pre eclampsia head injury drugs
management of hypertensive emergency?
labetalol if no LV failure
furosemide and hydrazine if LV failure
