Linking ideas 1 (reason, result, examples) Flashcards
Choose because of or because/since:
I often feel tired _ my workload.
I often feel tired _ I work long hours every day.
I often feel tired because of my workload.
I often feel tired because/since I work long hours every day.
Choose because of or because/since:
We were planning to go for a walk last weeked, but we didn’t go _ the rain.
… but we didn’t go _ it was raining.
We were planning to go for a walk last weeked, but we didn’t go because of the rain.
… but we didn’t go because/since it was raining.
Choose because of or because/since:
We often visit the countryside _ our grandparents live there.
We often visit the countryside _ our grandparents.
We often visit the countryside because/since our grandparents live there.
We often visit the countryside because of our grandparents.
Choose because of or because/since:
I skipped the gym _ I wasn’t feeling well.
I skipped the gym _ a headache.
I skipped the gym because/since I wasn’t feeling well.
I skipped the gym because of a headache.
REFORMULATE with and as a result
I missed my early meeting because I overslept this morning.
I missed my early meeting because/since I overslept this morning.
I overslept this morning, and as a result, I missed my early meeting.”
REFORMULATE with because
Our family gathering was postponed due to my brother’s work schedule.
postponed = перенесено
Our family gathering was postponed BECAUSE OF my brother’s work schedule // BECAUSE my brother had to work that day.
Fill in the gaps with an appropriate linker.
“I’ll have to cut back on (= экономить, меньше заниматься) shopping, _ high expenses (высокие траты) this month.”
“I’ll have to cut back on shopping, due to / because of high expenses this month.”
Fill in the gap with due to / because.
My savings have increased _ careful budgeting.
Glossary: budgeting /ˈbʌdʒɪtɪŋ/ = ведение бюджета
My savings have increased due to careful budgeting.
Glossary: budgeting /ˈbʌdʒɪtɪŋ/ = ведение бюджета
Choose the appropriate linker.
I started tracking my expenses last month, and due to / and as a result, I’ve been able to save more money.
Glossary: tracking my expenses /ɪkˈspensɪz/ = вести учёт расходов
I started tracking my expenses last month, and and as a result, I’ve been able to save more money.
Glossary: tracking my expenses /ɪkˈspensɪz/ = вести учёт расходов
Fill in the gap with an appropriate linker.
I heard Europe is lovely in the spring, _ we’re planning to visit Paris in April.
I heard Europe is lovely in the spring, so we’re planning to visit Paris in April.
Fill in the gap with an appropriate linker.
The film won several awards, _ I’m curious to see it.
The film won several awards, so I’m curious to see it.
Fill in the gap with an appropriate linker.
“We bought reusable bags, _, we’ve reduced our plastic usage.”
“We bought reusable bags, and as a result, we’ve reduced our plastic usage.”
“We bought reusable bags, so, we’ve reduced our plastic usage.”
Choose the appropriate linker, since or due to?
I’ve been trying to save more money lately, _ I want to buy a new car next year.
I’ve been trying to save more money lately, since I want to buy a new car next year.
Fill in the gap with an appropriate linker.
My son is starting college next month, _ we’ve been busy preparing.
My son is starting college next month, so we’ve been busy preparing.
REFORMULATE with because of.
My daughter had a school event last Friday, and as a result, I had to leave work early.
My daughter had a school event last Friday, and as a result, I had to leave work early.
=>
I had to leave work early last Friday because of an event in my daughter’s school.
REFORMULATE with since.
It’s more environmentally friendly than driving //
she often takes the train to work.
She often takes the train to work, since it’s more environmentally friendly than driving.
Reformulate with since.
I tend to avoid caffeine in the evening //
It keeps me awake at night.
I tend to avoid caffeine in the evening, since it keeps me awake at night.
Finish the sentence (in any way that makes sense):
I always bring an umbrella with me, since …
Sample ending:
I always bring an umbrella with me, since the weather can be very unpredictable.
Reformulate with an appropriate linker:
We got a significant discount because we booked our trip early this year. (= заказали заранее)
We booked a trip early this year, …
We got a significant discount because we booked our trip early this year. (= заказали заранее)
We booked a trip early this year, and as a result / so, we got a significant discount.
B: So, why did you become a florist?
R: That’s a good question. I’ve always loved flowers, ever since I was a little girl, _ it seemed a natural thing for me to do.
(Complete the sentence with an appropriate linker)
B: So, why did you become a florist?
R: That’s a good question. I’ve always loved flowers, ever since I was a little girl, so it seemed a natural thing for me to do.
R: You sound like you don’t enjoy your job.
B: No, not at the moment. Not for a while, actually.
R: Really? What’s wrong with it?
B: Oh, lots of things. _ i_, all I seem to do is deal with other people’s problems.
(Complete the sentence with an appropriate linker giving an example)
R: You sound like you don’t enjoy your job.
B: No, not at the moment. Not for a while, actually.
R: Really? What’s wrong with it?
B: Oh, lots of things. For instance, all I seem to do is deal with other people’s problems.
R: What’s wrong with it [your work]?
B: Oh, lots of things. For instance, all I seem to do is deal with other people’s problems, l_ issues with their pay or holidays.
(Complete the sentence with an appropriate linker giving an example)
R: What’s wrong with it [your work]?
B: Oh, lots of things. For instance, all I seem to do is deal with other people’s problems, like issues with their pay or holidays.
B: I wish I had a job where I could travel the world, spread my wings, be free!
R: S_ _?
B: I don’t know, that’s the problem.
(Complete the sentence with an appropriate linker giving an example)
B: I wish I had a job where I could travel the world, spread my wings, be free!
R: Such as?
B: I don’t know, that’s the problem.
Fill in the gaps with appropriate linkers.
Wearable tech, s_ _ the smartwatch, is the future.
(Wearable tech = gadgets that you can wear)
Wearable tech, such as the smartwatch, is the future
or: like the smartwatch
A: Aren’t you forgetting something?
B: _ _? (= например?)
A: Aren’t you forgetting something?
B: Such as?
Fill in the gaps with appropriate linkers.
I enjoy outdoor activities l_ hiking, biking, and camping.
or: activities s_ _ hiking..
I enjoy outdoor activities like hiking, biking, and camping.
or: activities such as hiking
Choose because of or because/since:
B: The shop looks great!
R: Oh, that’s _ Tina. She spent the morning cleaning up!
B: The shop looks great!
R: Oh, that’s because of Tina. She spent the morning cleaning up!
Complete the sentence with an appropriate linker.
I want to go abroad, _ i_, to Italy and Spain.
I want to go abroad, for instance, to Italy and Spain.
Choose because/since or due to:
He became obese (= very fat) _ his ultra-calorific diet and lack of exercise.
He became obese (very fat) due to his ultra-calorific diet and lack of exercise.
/əʊˈbiːs/
Choose because/since or due to:
_ to unforeseen (= непредвиденные) circumstances, we will not meet today.
Due to to unforeseen circumstances, we will not meet today.
/ˈsɜːkəmstənsɪz/
Fill in the gaps with an appropriate linker.
I’ve had a lot of unforeseen (непредусмотренных) expenses this month, _ I’ll have to cut back on shopping.
I’ve had a lot of unforeseen expenses this month, so I’ll have to cut back on shopping.
