Linguistic Terminology Flashcards
Comparative linguistics
Comparative linguistics is the study of how linguistics vary from one place to the next and one speaker to the next.
Derivation
Derivation is the formation of a new word from the stem of another word using prefixes and suffixes.
Dialect
Dialect is a type of speech spoken by a specific group of people in a specific location, district, or region.
Discourse analysis
Discourse analysis is the study of the organization of sentences into texts.
Ethnolinguistics
Ethnolinguistics is the study of the language of a specific ethnic group within a culture.
Etymology
Etymology is the study of the origin of words.
Grammatical structure
Grammatical structure refers to the rules of how words are combined to form a sentence.
Historical linguistics
Historical linguistics is the study of how languages are related to each other or change over an extended period of time.
Inflection
Inflection is how a word varies in form to show voice, person, tense, number, and case.
Language
Language can be described as anything spoken, written, or presented in a symbol form that communicates information to people. Every language shares the characteristics of sound patterns, words, and grammatical structure.
lexicon
A lexicon is the vocabulary of a person, group, subject, or language.
Linguistic typology
Linguistic typology is the creation of statements concerning language change and structure that are universally true and can be applied to the study of any language.
morpheme
A morpheme is the smallest part of a word or unit in the grammar of a language.
Morphology
Morphology is the study of the internal structure of words in a language.
Philology
Philology is the study of ancient languages and written texts.
phoneme
A phoneme is the smallest unit in the system of sounds in a language.
Phonetics
Phonetics is the study of the speech sounds in a human language.
Phonology
Phonology is the study of the patterns of sounds and how they are organized and used in languages.
Pragmatics
Pragmatics is the study of what speakers say (utterances) and the meaning of the language they use.
Semantics
Semantics is the study of the meaning or interpretation of words, parts of words, phrases, or sentences.
Sociolinguistics
Sociolinguistics is the study of how the use of language affects any or all parts of a culture or a society.
Sound patterns
Sound patterns include how words are grouped into sounds.
Stylistics
Stylistics is the study of the way a language is written or used.
Synchronic linguistics
Synchronic linguistics is the study of dialects including morphology, syntax, semantics, grammar, and phonology.
Syntax
Syntax refers to the organization and arrangement of words and phrases that form the structure of a sentence.
Words
Words are sound patterns that have meaning.
