LINGALA APWH UNIT 7 Flashcards
Mexican Revolution 7.1
Def: This revolution was caused by some of the actions caused by the former dictator Porfirio Diaz. He allowed many foreign investors to takeover Mexico’s resources and many of the land ownership in Mexico was owned by the wealthy, some that were foreign. This created a want amongst the Mexican people for new leadership, one candidate that opposed Diaz and ran for presidency was Francisco Madero. Diaz imprisoned Madero causing the revolution. Madero was able to be set free through the military prowess of Pancho Villa. Another revolutionist that helped restore land distribution was Emiliano Zapata. Two things came out of this rev. afterwards, a newly adopted constitution (which helped with land distribution, public education, and suffrage) and a new political party the PRI (Institutional Revolution Party).
LO: One of the main reasons behind the revolution is the distaste against foreign investors profiting off of Mexican land, which wasn’t any benefit for the people of Mexico. That was a huge external factor that contributed to this revolution. An internal factor is the power shifts in leadership, such as the desire for new leadership from the Mexican people. The imprisonment of the leader of the opposition party was the catalyst that spurred action out of Mexico’s politicians.
Russian Revolution 7.1
Def: Due to many internal conflicts, Russia became weaker from economical, industrial, and miliarial factors. This led to a formation of a new leadership that shifted things in Russia. Vladimir Lenin rose to power and he implemented the Bolsheviks, an organization that represented the working class. Lenin implemented a communist government for Russia. They destroyed privatism and boosted Russia’s industrialization, and made Russia a fully communist, red country. They became the first fully red power that had as much power as it did.
LO: The internal powers of Russia falling behind in terms of industrialization and the political leaders refusing to create political reforms the nation became weaker. This led to several external problems, such as losing major wars like Crimean War and the Russo-Japanese War.
Causes of WWl 7.2
Def: The immediate cause of world war two is the assassination of the Austro-Hungarian Archduke Franz Ferdinand. However, some more long term causes were the increased military preparedness, as an effect of world war one. Another would be the formation of powerful alliances causing others to form alliances creating mass amounts of tension. Not to mention the increased amounts of imperialism and nationalism, the self importance that one nation thinks they have caused many reckless actions to take place. A main cause is also the appeasement that nations had towards the questionable actions of Hitler’s Germany.
LO: Many causes of world war two have to do with the structure of the nations after world war one. As well as the desire to maintain peace no matter what a country does (specifically Germany). But there were some other causes such as the growing numbers of aggressive communist states and fascist organizations.
Total War 7.3
Def: A war strategy in which a country commits all of their resources and men into the war. This strategy also entails that the civilian population is just as involved in winning the war as the military. It pulls in nationalism into warfare, there’s an increase in propaganda and holding deep hatred for the opposing side.
LO: The government most likely exercised this method in order to utilize their full force of power. This kind of warfare allowed for citizens to heavily participate in it, showing the severity of the types of warfare that requires its use.
Great Depression 7.4
Def: An economic slump that affected the entire world, but especially affected the United States and Germany. It resulted in the crashing of stock markets and halted international trade. Due to countries panicking on their reliance on foreign trade, therefore they started to buy only their country’s goods and this completely stopped foreign trade. Germany was also hit hard due to them solely paying for repercussions for world war one.
LO: Many countries tended to panic after this economic decline, and halted foreign trade in an effort to boost their own economic standing. However in the US Franklin Roosevelt put forth many reforms that aided in the US in coming back from the Great Depression.
New Deal 7.4
Def: An administration process that Franklin Delano Roosevelt enacted in order to help fix the pressure of the Great Depression. Its goal was to relieve citizens, recover the nation, and bring political reform to the country. These deals that Roosevelt enacted, resulted in the somewhat resolution of the Great Depression in the USA.
LO: The response of the Great Depression by the US was not the perfect fix to this economic crisis but it did aid in the gradual fix for the US. A country’s response to economic crises changed, the government was now responsible for the economic aspect of the country and this was influenced by the world wars.
Five Year Plans (Soviet Union) 7.4
Def: A series of economic plans that typically go hand in hand with communist governments. In the Soviet Union and the Republic of China one of the first acts presented by Five Year Plans was to continue to industrialize and improve their country. Another act that was prevalent under the Five Year Plans was the collectivization act to collect land. In the Soviet Union there was an Anti-Collectivization protest in Ukraine resulting in Stalin performing an artificial starvation on Ukraine resulting in the massive atrocity of the Ukraine Genocide.
LO: The way that the Soviet Union came out of their rut as a country was through communism and the rule under Lenin and Stalin. As the Soviet Union didn’t suffer against the Great Depression due to these Five Year Plans.
Fascist Corporatist Economy 7.4
Def: A form of economy in which the state has total control over the individuals of their nation. The individuals are thought to only exist for the betterment and support of the state. Jobs are determined by what the state needs. It is essentially a totalitarian rule. The states that utilize this form of government in this time are Germany and Italy. This form of government is completely against communism.
LO: This form of government was how Germany attempted to bounce back after world war one and the economic suffering they experienced from the Treaty of Versailles. Germany having to pay for the restoration after the world war one resulted in them taking a major economic hit. This allowed for a new rise to power in the Nazi Hitler regimand which attempted to rejuvinate the broken morale of the German people.
Mandates 7.5
Def: A system in which the Allied Powers took over the territories and colonies of the Central Powers. This was a new form of colonization that the Allied Powers utilized after world war one. For example, Cameroon a German colony was divided amongst France and Britain.
LO: There was a drastic shift in the ownership of territories after world war one. Many of the Central Powers colonies were taken over by the Allied Powers. The Allied Powers were able to have a larger reach due to the new territories they’ve acquired.
Causes of World War ll 7.6
Def: There are many causes of the second world war, one being the economic instability that many nations had after the Great Depression and such. Another would be the rise and appeasement of Nazi Germany under Hitler. Hitler took control of Germany through manipulation and taking advantage of the German people. He also began making moves that would increase his power by taking over the Rhineland between France and Germany. Eventually they took over Czechoslovakia and pushed against non-aggression pacts that pushed the nations to declare warfare.
LO: The biggest cause of WWll is most definitely the appeasement of Hitler’s Germany and dismissal of his actions. Other powers appeasement of Hitler is what made WWll what it is. It was theorized that if Hitler was stopped when he made his moves then WWll wouldn’t have happened. The consequences of the war is definitely the massacre and torture of thousands of people (Jews, Slaves, Homosexuals, etc). In and out of warfare the death toll of this war was massive and devastating.
New Military Technology WWll 7.7
Def: The new military equipment used in the WWll was the highly destructive and deadly atomic bomb and nuclear bombs. The use of fire bombs was also frequent in this war. The use of new terrible weapons increased the death toll and changed the tides of warfare forever. The weaponry crafted in this war caused the Cold War and resulted in a new threat for all of humanity.
LO: The world famous bombing of Hiroshima and Pearl Harbor is an instance of the effects of the atomic bombs. With these new devastating inventions being created, the choices governments have to make in order to protect their nations have shifted.
Holocaust 7.8
Def: The universally well known, devastating genocide of 6 million Jews. They were not the only group of people targeted and massacred by the Nazi’s, they also killed whom they considered “undesirables”. Such as Slavs, Homosexuals, etc. They were kept in Concentration Camps which were labor and death camps where they were starved, tortured, and killed by the masses. Overall they death toll of the Holocaust was around 12 million people.
LO: The cause of the Holocaust was the spreading of Hitler’s hateful prejudices and desire to make Germany one of only the Aryan race. He changed the perception of Jews in Germany, made them think they were causing the problems that Germany faced in that time. This spread of hatred is what fed this horrid act. The consequences of this was the massive death toll and eery aftermath left for soldiers to find in Germany. This genocide scarred and traumatized the world, leaving many shocked and disgusted.
Ukrainian Genocide 7.8
Def: An act of genocide by Stalin, the dictator of the Soviet Union, to the Ukrainian people. Stalin enacted the Collectivization Act apart from his Five Year Plans in order to collect and own the land of Russia. The Ukrainian peasants and people rejected this act and had Anti-Collectivization protests. This caused Stalin to block all exits of Ukraine and take their food supplies, this resulted in an artificial starvation of the Ukrainian people. It lasted for about 10 to 15 years and killed 7 to 10 million people.
LO: This was caused by unfair acts of Stalin and the rejection of it by the Ukrainian people. He formed an artificial starvation to punish the Ukrainian people in order to punish them for defying his word. This caused millions of people to be massacred in a slow tortorchurus way.
