Linear Kinematics Flashcards
What is kinematics
the study of motion exclusive of the influences of mass and force. With regard for the forces acting on a body
Kinematics is the branch of biomechanics that deals with the description of the ___ and ____ components of motion
spatial and temporal
What are 3 measurements in kinematics
Displacement
Velocity
Acceleration
What are 3 types of mtion
linear
angular
general
What is linear motion
Uniform motion of all parts of an object in the same direction at the same speed (aka translation)
What is straight line linear motion
rectilinear
What is curved line linear motion
curvilinear
What is angular motion
Rotation around an axis. D
In angular motion. Different parts of the object undergo different _____ displacement
linear
In angular motion, all part of the object undergo the same ____ displacement
angular
What is general motion
a combination of linear and angular motion
In order to measure motion we need to consider ___ and ____
space and time
How is position measured
as the location within a fixed coordinate system
how do you describe the position of an object in space
Need to have a landmark
Need to know basis of measure
Need a coordinate system
An sxis system is normally defined as _____ reference axis
perpendicular
What is the polar coordinate system
two dimensional coordinate system in which each point on a plane is determined by a distance from a reference point and angle from a reference direction
In image analysis the coordinate system normally relates to the…
visual field of an image and involves a calibration of image pixels to actual units of measurement
In 3 dimensional optiocal motion capture, reflective markers are placed on the human body and the position of a marker in space is determined by the….
triangulation of the position of the marker relative to at least two cameras
What does GPS stand for
Global positioning system
What is GPS
A network of about 30 satellites orbiting the earth at an altitude of 20,000km
How does GPS work
If you know how far away you are from satellite A then you know you must be in a certain area. If you do the same for satellite B and C you can work out your location by seeing where the 3 circles intersect
What makes a GPS signal more accurate
The number of satellites that are above the horizon
Standard GPS uses…
binary code signals from multiple satellites to determine position
high precision GPS uses
Multiple frequencies to correct for atmospheric effects on radio waves. uses carrier wave cycles to compute precise vectors between multiple receivers
Two vectors are colinear if they are….
parallel
Define time
a non-spatial continuum in which events occur in apparently irreversible succession from the past through the present to the future
How do infrared timing gates work
Use same technology as tv remotes. On one side of the small slot is an LED that emits a beam of infrared light. On the other side is a detector that see infrared light. The electronic detector instantly senses when anything block the light beam. this starts and stops the timer box
what are 3 inertial measurement units?
Accelerometers
Gyroscopes
Magnetometers
