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EPHE 341 > Angular Kinetics 2 > Flashcards

Angular Kinetics 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the 1st Law: the law of inertia

A

A body willl maintain a constant state of rest or constant velocity or state of angular motion unless acted on by an external force/torque

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2
Q

IN linear kinetics, inertia is quantified by…

A

the mass of the object - resistance to a change in the state of motion

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3
Q

Angular inertia is

A

the property of an object to resist changes in its angular motion

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4
Q

Angular inertia is affected by…

A
  • The mass of an object

- The distribution of mass of an object relative to the axis of rotation

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5
Q

___ quantifies angular inertia

A

Moment of inertia

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6
Q

The greater the distance that particles are located away from the axis of rotation the…

A

harder it is to rotate

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7
Q

What is the equation for moment of inertia

A

I = sum of mass x radius ^s

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8
Q

What is the radius of gyration

A

radial distance where all the mass can be located and have the same resistance to rotation

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9
Q

What does moment of inertia have to do with human movement

A

Understanding the moment of inertia of limb segments and even the whole body can be useful when considering the resistance of a human (limb segment) or whole body to rotate

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10
Q

Resistance to rotate is dependent on an object’s

A

moment of inertia

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11
Q

Moment of inertia is related to…

A

The mass and distribution of mass

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12
Q

Where does the smallest moment of inertia occur?

A

at the centre of gravity

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13
Q

Human and animals can alter the position of the CoG and have variable….

A

moments of inertia

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14
Q

A moment of inertia can exist for each…

A

axis

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15
Q

A sprinter reduces the moment of inertia about the hip by….

A

flexing the knee

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16
Q

A sprinter flexes her leg at the knee when she accelerates her leg during the swing through, this….

A

reduces the moment of inertia about the hip joint (axis of rotation)

17
Q

Performance of a sprinter is improved by….

A

moving body segments closer to the axis of rotation

18
Q

angular momentum is..

A

the tendency for an object to remain in angular motion

19
Q

What is angular momentum determined by

A

The moment of inertia of an object and its angular velocity

20
Q

Because the human body is a non-rigid object a person can alter their

A

moment of inertia and thus change their angular velocity while maintaining the same angular momentum

21
Q

When spinning what does extending arms mean?

A

a larger moment of inertia and a smaller angular velocity

22
Q

when spinning what does bringing arms in do

A

a smaller moment of inertia and a greater angular velocity

23
Q

Think of a diver doing a back flip, when is moment of inertia the lowest

A

At peak when in tuck position

24
Q

What is the Angular Law of Acceleration

A

A torque applied to a body causes an angular acceleration of that body of a magnitude proportional to the torque, in the direction of the torque, and inversely proportional to the moment of inertia

25
Q

The greater the inertia of an object, the …

A

more force (torque) is required to make it accelerate

26
Q

If a net external torque is exerted on an object at a distance from the axis of rotation, the object will accelerate angularly in the direction of the net external torque, and its angular acceleration will be

A

proportional to the net external torque and inversely proportional to its moment of inertia

27
Q

What is angular impulse

A

a measure of a torque applied

28
Q

The net torque acting over some interval of time will cause

A

a change in angular momentum of an object

29
Q

Changes in the momentum of a system depend on:

A
  1. The magnitude of external torques

2. The time over which the torques act

30
Q

What is the SI units for momentum

A

N.m.s

EPHE 341 (17 decks)

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