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erj-145 > Limitations > Flashcards

Limitations Flashcards

1
Q

Landing Gear Airspeeds.

A

VLO (retraction) : 200 kt
VLO (extension) : 250 kt
VLE (extended) : 250 kt

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2
Q

Maximum Operating Speeds.

A

0 - 8 000 ft : 250 kt (XR 300 kt)
10 000 - 26 000 : 320 kt
26 000 - 37 000 : 0.78 Mach (XR 0.80 Mach)

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3
Q

Manoeuvring Airspeed.

A

VA: 200 kt
Rapid and large alternating control inputs, especially in combination with large changes in pitch, roll and yaw (large side slip angles) may result in structural failure, even below VA.

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4
Q

Flap Extension Airspeeds (LR).

A

Flaps 9: 250 kt
Flaps 22: 200 kt
Flaps 45: 145 kt

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5
Q

Flap Extension Speeds (XR).

A

Flaps 9 : 250 kt
Flaps 18 : 200 kt
Flaps 22 : 200 kt (180 kt abv 10 000 and YD off)
Flaps 45: 160 kt (145 kt abv 10 000 and YD off)

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6
Q

Maximum tailwind for take-off and landing.

A

LR: 10 kt
XR: 9 kt

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7
Q

DV Window.

A

Max to remove: 140 kt

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8
Q

Windshield Wiper.

A

Max Operation: 170 kt

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9
Q

Maximum Operational Altitude.

A

37 000 (FL370).

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10
Q

Maximum Operating Temperature.

A

ISA+35.

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11
Q

TAT limits in cruise above 25 000.

A

-45°.

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12
Q

Turbulent Air Penetration Speed.

A

At or below 10 000 : 200 kt.

Above 10 000 : 250 kt or 0.63 Mach, whichever is lower.

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13
Q

EMB-145 weight limitations.

A

Max Ramp: 48 722 lb
Max TOW: 48 501 lb
Max LDW: 42 549 lb
Max ZFW: 39 462 lb

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14
Q

Maximum altitude to extend flap.

A

20 000.

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15
Q

Maximum airspeed after take-off and during climb without re-trimming.

A

160 kt.

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16
Q

Maximum recommended crosswind.

A 
Dry: 30 kt
Wet: 30 kt
Compacted snow: 25 kt
Standing water or slush: 20 kt
Ice (not melting): 10 kt
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17
Q

Maximum temperature for anti-ice operation.

A

10°C.

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18
Q

Minimum temperature for manual anti-ice operation.

A

-40°C.

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19
Q

Holding configuration.

A

Landing gear: Up
Flaps: 0°
Minimum Airspeed: 200 kt

20
Q

Icing conditions single engine or single bleed.

A

Maximum altitude 15 000.

21
Q

APU maximum altitude for start.

A

30 000 ft.

22
Q

APU maximum operating altitude.

A

37 000 ft.

23
Q

APU starter limits.

A

Cooling period between each starting attempt.
Between three consecutive attempts - 1 minute off.
Between two series of three consecutive attempts - 30 minutes off.

24
Q

Maximum operating altitude when one bleed or one pack is closed.

A

25 000 ft.

37 000 ft.
When operating with APU supplying pack 1 (eng 1 bleed closed) and eng 2 supplying pack 2 (crossbleed closed).

25
Q

Engine starter limits.

A

On ground.
Starting or dry motoring - up to 5 min ON, 5 min OFF.
OR
First to fourth cycle - 1 min ON, 1 min OFF.
Following cycles - 1 min ON, 5 min OFF.

In flight.
Maximum continuous operating time - 5 min ON.

26
Q

Automatic Take-off Thrust Control System (ATTCS).

A

Must be operative for ALT T/O-1 mode.

27
Q

Thrust reversers.

A

Do no go-around after thrust reverser deployment.

28
Q

Maximum Oil Pressure.

A

Below 88% N2 - 110 psi.
This may be exceeded during start if oil temp is below 21°C. The engine must remain at idle until pressure is less than 110 psi.

At or above 88% N2 - 110 psi.

General Limitations
Take-off thrust time is limited to 5 min.

Vibration in amber range is limited to 5 min in take-off or go around or 10 seconds during the remainder of the flight phases.

Operation in oil pressure amber range:
111 to 115 psi - limited to 5 min.
116 to 155 psi - limited to 2 min.
Total time above 110 psi - limited to 5 min.

Operation between 34 and 50 psi (34 and 48 XR) is permitted during take-off or go around phases.

29
Q

Minimum oil temperature for starting.

A
  • 40°C for MIL-L-23699D

- 54°C for MIL-L-7808K (XR)

30
Q

Describe the engine warm-up limitation prior to take-off.

A

Prior to take-off the engines must be allowed to run at low thrust to stabilise the engine temperatures before take-off thrust is adjusted.

31
Q

Describe the engine warm up limitations after starting.

A

The engines must be allowed to run at idle or taxi thrust for 4 minutes for cold engines and 2 minutes for warm engines.

32
Q

What is the definition of a cold engine?

A

An engine that has been shutdown for more than 90 minutes.

33
Q

What is the minimum oil temperature prior to increasing N2 above 83%?

A

40°C or the engine has been running for at least 8 minutes.

34
Q

Describe the engine cool down procedure.

A

The engines must run at idle or taxi thrust for at least 1 minute.

35
Q

What is the minimum altitude on a CAT 1 ILS that the autopilot may be coupled to the ILS?

A

200 ft.

36
Q

Is a single engine go-around permitted on a CAT 1 ILS?

A

No.

37
Q

What is the minimum altitude on a CAT 2 ILS that the autopilot may be coupled to the ILS?

A

50 ft.

38
Q

Why is the minimum decision height on a CAT 2 ILS?

A

100 ft.

39
Q

When must the autopilot be used?

A

On all CAT 2 approaches.

40
Q

What is the minimum height after take-off or go-around that the autopilot may be engaged?

A

500 ft.

41
Q

What is the minimum runway visual range for a CAT 2 approach?

A

1200 ft.

42
Q

What is the maximum tailwind component on a CAT 2 approach?

A

10 kt LR.

9 kt XR.

43
Q

What is the maximum crosswind component on a CAT 2 approach?

A

10 kt.

44
Q

What is the maximum headwind component for a CAT 2 approach?

A

25 kt.

45
Q

When is a CAT 2 approach prohibited?

A

Single engine operations.

46
Q

What limitations apply to the Integrated Standby Instrument System (ISIS)?

A

LR.
The aircraft cannot be moved during power-up initialisation and must not be caged in flight.

LR.
On batteries only the ISIS lasts 40 minutes, but may be extended to 45 minutes with pitot heat sensor 3 heat button turned off in non-icing conditions.

XR.
The ISIS relies on 28 volt DC power from the backup hot bus. In an electrical emergency, it will operate on the aircrafts batteries for 240 minutes.

erj-145 (16 decks)

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