Limb development and abnormalities

Question 1

define teratogen

Answer 1

agent or factor which causes malformation of an embryo

Question 2

what does Melia mean?

Answer 2

Limb

Question 3

Define Amelia

Answer 3

Total Failure of formation of limb

Question 4

Define meromelia

Answer 4

Partial Failure of formation of limb

Question 5

What do sirenomelia and synostoses mean?

Answer 5

Failure of differentiation of limb

Question 6

What term means overgrowth of limb?

Answer 6

Hemihypertrophy

Question 7

What term means undergrowth of limb?

Answer 7

Micromelia

Question 8

What are some diseases caused by generalised anomalies of limbs?

Answer 8

Achondroplasia, Marfan’s syndrome

Question 9

what does dactyly mean in greek?

Answer 9

digit

Question 10

Define ectrodactyly

Answer 10

Failure of formation of digits

Question 11

What term refers to failure of differentiation of digits?

Answer 11

Syndactyly

Question 12

Define polydactyly

Answer 12

Duplication of digits

Question 13

What term means overgrowth of digit?

Answer 13

Macrodactyly

Question 14

What term means undergrowth of digit?

Answer 14

Brachydactyly

Question 15

What are the intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors for limb abnormalities?

Answer 15

Intrinsic:
Chromosomal
Inherited
Sporadic mutation

Extrinsic: 
Teratogens (e.g. thalidomide)
Nutrient deficiency 
Infections
Failed abortion
Removal of IUD