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Science > Light Waves > Flashcards

Light Waves Flashcards

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1
Q

Mirage?

A

When u have a hot surface, heat waves reflect off surface then have diff medium cuz hot air not cold, air from atmosphere is cold and hot from surface touch then refract and looks like water

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2
Q

What is em spectrum

A

Whole range of em waves in order of increasing frequency and decreasing wavelength read from left to right wavelengths get smaller and frequencies get higher. Which is an inverse relationship between size of wave and frequency
They are radiation waves, higher the frequency the more energy

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3
Q

Radio waves

A

1000s of meters to .001 meters)
Have longest wave length and lowest frequencies
Shortest are microwaves,
Used in radar, cooking food, satellite transmission, cell phone transmission

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4
Q

Infrared waves

A 
Shorter wave length higher frequency
Heat waves
.001m to 700nm
Only waves u feel
Finding ppl in dark, tv remote controls
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5
Q

Visible light

A

Only waves u see
From 700nm(red light) to 400nm(violet light)
Frequency is higher then infrared waves
ROYGBIV

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6
Q

Ultra violet

A 
400nm to 10nm 
Frequency/energy high enough to penetrate living cells 
Too much- sunburn or skin cancer
Need to produce vitamin D 
Used to sterilize equipment in hospital
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7
Q

X-ray

A

10nm to .001nm
Enough energy to penetrate deep into cell tissue
Stopped by dense materials
Used to look at solid structures or cracks like bone building and airplane bodies

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8
Q

Gamma rays

A

Shortest wave lengths less then 1 trillion m
Highest frequency most energy
Most damage to cell tissue
Released by atomic reaction, nuclear power plants, nuclear bombs

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9
Q

Higher frequency =

A

More energy

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10
Q

What do seismic waves and sound waves have in common

A

They are mechanical waves

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11
Q

What does it mean when a waves amplitude increases

A

Carries more energy

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12
Q

What medium do seismic waves travel through

A

The ground

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13
Q

What do waves carry from place to place

A

Energy, but not matter

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14
Q

In a wave, what happens to a molecule after it passes energy on to the next molecule in the chain

A

Returns to its original resting position

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15
Q

How are electromagnetic waves different from mechanical waves

A

Electromagnetic waves can travel through empty space, mechanical waves can’t

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16
Q

Name an electro magnetic wave

A

Radio waves

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17
Q

What type of waves carry energy at a right angle to the direction of the energy flow

A

Transverse waves

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18
Q

How is a wavelength measured

A

Crest to crest

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19
Q

What can u infer about a wave with a short wave length

A

It has a high frequency

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20
Q

What is an artificial light source

A

Light bulb

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21
Q

How does a light bulb work

A

An electric current is passed through a filament

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22
Q

What can u infer about the environment the angelfish lives in

A

It must be extremely dark

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23
Q

What device produces light by running an electric current through a gas

A

A neon sign

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24
Q

What could you use to split white light into its component colors

A

A prism

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25
Q

Why does refraction occur

A

Light travels through different materials at diff speeds

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26
Q

Only a___ portion of the em can be seen by us

A

Small

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27
Q

Light can travel as both…

A

A wave and a particle

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28
Q

Why does light we see from stars takes thousands of years to reach us

A

Stars are very far away

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29
Q

How are diff types of radiation arranged along the soextrum

A

By amount of energy they carry

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30
Q

What is the diff between a wave and a particle

A

A particle is a discrete unit of energy, a wave is a continuos flow of energy

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31
Q

Which is highest and lowest and Middle energy for gamma, radio, and visible

A

Radio, visible, gamma

32
Q

What transmits info using microwaves

A

Radar

33
Q

Astronomers can Scan sky using telescopes. What can u conclude about telescope

A

Pick up radio waves emitted by stars

34
Q

Thermo is…

A

Heat

35
Q

What might happen if ozone layer did not block uv rays

A

More skin cancer, cuz ozone hit ground then reflect back out

36
Q

What word best describes gamma rays

A

Destructive

37
Q

What do all forms of em radiation have in common

A

Speed

38
Q

What makes em radiation

A

Electrons changing energy levels

39
Q

Who is faraday

A

Built orsteds discoveries to describe em induction

40
Q

When an electro current runs through a wire a magnetic field is induced…

A

Around the wire

41
Q

Induce means

A

Create it

42
Q

What relationship between electricity and magnetism

A

2 forms of same basic force

43
Q

What contains an electro magnetic

A

Refridge

44
Q

What would happen if transformers didn’t exist

A

Electricity or your house might have extremely high voltage

45
Q

What can be refracted

A

Anything in waves

46
Q

Light refracts when

A

Its density changes

47
Q

Why change when throo prism

A

Colors refract at diff angels

48
Q

Example of diffraction

A

Voice echoing back when shout into canyon

49
Q

Diffraction useful in which field

A

Astrology

50
Q

What is diffraction

A

Bending and spreading of waves when hits solid objects

51
Q

How create interference pattern

A

Drop 2 pebbles into water close to each other

So cancel each other out

52
Q

What can u conclude about X-rays from the fact that they diffract

A

They travel in waves

53
Q

Blue light bends more then red light when it passes throo glass. So blue light has a greater

A

Angle of refraction/ angle it bends

54
Q

Main diff- refraction and diffraction

A

Refraction is bending of light, diffraction is spreading of light, usually around obstacle

55
Q

What is the behavior of light due to

A

Wave nature or light

56
Q

Types of mechanical waves

A

Sound and water

57
Q

Mechanical waves transmit energy by

A

Displacing the molecules in the medium which they travel

58
Q

Where are the displaced molecules transmitted

A

Neighboring molecules by the forces between molecules

59
Q

Forces between molecules then

A

Restore displaced molecules to their original state

60
Q

Does light need a medium to travel throo? Y

A

No, it can travel in a vacuum where there are no molecules to carry energy, and can travel throo some gases liquids and solids like walls of house

61
Q

Reason light moves without medium is cuz

A

It’s an electro-magnetic wave which means it consists of an electric field and a magnetic field

62
Q

Define oscillate

A

Move back and forth

63
Q

What happens when the electric field oscillates

A

It creates a magnetic field that oscillate then when that happens creates an electric and so on and so on. That way the wave pulls itself along by having one type of field continually creating the other. This called electro magnetic induction

64
Q

What is the frequency that the wave oscillates

A

Is the frequency of the wave

65
Q

How fast does oscillation happen

A

186,000 miles per second

300,000 kilo meters per second

66
Q

How microwave work

A

Water molecules in the food start to vibrate from energy of microwave, as vibrates it creates heat, which warms food

67
Q

Light travels in…

A

A straight line called light rays, travels in all directions until it runs into an object or some kind of matter

68
Q

How to see object

A

Light reflects off an object into your eyes

69
Q

Light is what type of energy

A

Electric and magnetic

70
Q

How does light interact with diff things

A

What matter is composed of will determine how the light reacts. Matter is made of bonds and atoms depends what type the electro energy will interact

71
Q

Opaque material

A

Light becomes less intense as it’s energy is primarily absorbed into opaque material. There is some reflection but mostly absorption

72
Q

Translucent material

A

Some light reflects, some absorbed, some goes through

Ex. Wax paper

73
Q

Transparent

A

Very little light it absorbed most goes thru

74
Q

What is the index of refraction

A

Speed of light in vacuum divided by speed of light in medium.
Angle that light reflects off of things
Used when ppl try to identify a particular substance, confirm its purity, or measure its concentration

75
Q

What’s the amplitude of a wave

A

Measure of energy a wave carries

How high it rises and falls

76
Q

What are sound waves

A

Compressional

77
Q

Transverse waves

A

Matter moves back and forth at right angles to the direction the wave travels

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