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Science > Light And Electricity > Flashcards

Light And Electricity Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Atom?

A

Smallest unit of matter. Cannot split

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2
Q

Neutron?

A

Part of atom, no electrical charge, neutral

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3
Q

Electron?

A

Negatively charged, orbit neucleus

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4
Q

Proton?

A

Positively charged

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5
Q

Atomic number?

A

Number protons

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6
Q

Charging by contact?

A

Process transferring charge by touching or rubbing.

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7
Q

Circuit?

A

Path electric current flow

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8
Q

Closed circuit?

A

Complete path.

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9
Q

Open circuit?

A

Break to stop.

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10
Q

Conductor?

A

Material electricity passes.

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11
Q

Insulator?

A

Material electricity doesn’t pass through easily

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12
Q

Current electricity?

A

Steady flow of electric charge.

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13
Q

Electric circuit?

A

Complete path electricity flows

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14
Q

Electroscope?

A

Instrument detecting electrical charge

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15
Q

Friction?

A

Force exerted when two substances rubbed together. Electrons transferred by rubbing.

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16
Q

Law of conservation of charge?

A

Can be transferred from object to object but cannot be created or destroyed.

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17
Q

Lightning?

A

Static discharge. Huge spark. Souring stormwater in clouds becomes electrically charged. Electrons jump from areas with negative charge to areas with positive charge. As they jump they produce a spark.

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18
Q

Matter?

A

Takes up space, has mass

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19
Q

Parallel circuit?

A

Two, more branches for electricity to flow.

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20
Q

Series circuit?

A

One path for current to flow.

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21
Q

Static discharge?

A

Accumulation of excess electric charges on object. It is the build up of charges on object.

22
Q

Current number?

A

Number of electrons which flow through wire per second

23
Q

Voltage?

A

Energy forces electrons around circuit. Battery supplies pressure

24
Q

Resistance?

A

Amount of force opposing current.

25
Q

What is static electricity?

A

The imbalance of positive and negative charges.

26
Q

Why can’t you generate static electricity when you rub conductors against each other?

A

Conductors direct charge flow to earth.

27
Q

What does friction do?

A

It stops things from moving easily.

28
Q

What is the difference between static and current electricity?

A

Static electricity : does not move.
Simple build up of electrons

Current electricity: move along a contactor and it is the flow of electrons

29
Q

What is Electric current?

A

What is the flow of electrons from atom to atom. When do you electrons move from one atom to another atom they cause another electron to move when electrons move from atom to atom electricity.

30
Q

What is a resistor?

A

Material that resists but it doesn’t stop the current

31
Q

What is a series circuit?

A

Electrons have one path to flow Weirton one
bulb or anything on or off it won’t turn everything on or off.
Electrical devices she electrical pressure when you add electrical appliance each gets less electrical pressure

32
Q

What is a parallel circuit?

A

More than one path for electrons to flow and you can reach any appliance at any time as long as each loop has its own switch.
Appliances down to electrical pressure each appliance gets the full voltage.

33
Q

What is light?

A

Visually perceived radiant energy. Small part of electromagnetic spectrum and ranges in wavelengths 380nm to 780nm

34
Q

What do light waves do?

A

They transfer energy without transferring matter.

35
Q

Color?

A

Property object produced by wavelength of light object reflects.

36
Q

Dispersion?

A

Spread or scattered different wavelengths of white light into a spectrum of colors as passes through a prism or drop

37
Q

Emit?

A

To give of something as the sun gives off light.

38
Q

Light?

A

Energy emitted by son or chemical reaction to which eye is sensitive

39
Q

Luminescent ?

A

To glow or to give of lights at low temperatures.

40
Q

Magnify?

A

Small things bigger by looking through one or more convex lenses.

41
Q

Prism?

A

Three sided length of glass which scatter different wavelengths of white light into spectrum of colors as passes through prism

42
Q

Reflect?

A

Bounce off

43
Q

Refraction?

A

Speed of light in a vacuum exactly 299,792,458 m/s. In reality light slows down and changes direction slightly when passing through a medium.

44
Q

Translucent?

A

Allow some light to pass through but scatters the light in process so images are not clear at the other side.

45
Q

Transparent?

A

Light passes through and images of clear on the other side.

46
Q

Opaque?

A

Does not let light pass through.

47
Q

Name four properties of light.

A

Light travels in straight lines

light is much faster than sound

shadows are formed when light is blocked

reflection: angle of incidence equals angle of reflection

48
Q

What happens when waves strike material?

A

Reflection: wave bounce back

Transmitted: goes through

Refraction: wave change speed or direction

Absorption: transferred to object mainly as heat. Wave gives up energy.

49
Q

Effects of refraction?

A

Why water appears shollower than is.

Occurs because light bends.

50
Q

Convex lens?

A

Rays of light pass, closer together

51
Q

Concave lens?

A

Rays of light pass, diverge

52
Q

Properties that lenses have in common?

A

Parallel rays pass through refracted rays, converge/ diverge so appear to come from one point: principal focus

Distance between principal focus and center lens: focal length

Science (8 decks)

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