Ligaments & Articular Capsules Flashcards
The iliofemoral L. Connects what to what
The ilium to the femur
The pubofemoral L. Connects what to what
The pubis to the femur
The ishiofemoral L. Connects what to what
Ischium to the femur
What is the weakest of the sacrum L.?
Ischiofemoral L.
The sacrospinous L. Connects what to what
Ventral sacrum to ischial spine
The sacrotuberous L. Connects what to what
Ventral sacrum to ischial tuberosity
What does the LCL connect
Lateral epicondyle of the Femur to the head of the fibula
What common L is also torn in ACL tears
ALL
What does the MCL connect
Medial femoral epicondyle to medial tibial condyle
Also attached to the medial meniscus
What is weaker, LCL or MCL?
MCL
What does the oblique popliteal L. Connect
Just a focal thickening of the semitendinous T. To posterior fibrous capsule
What does the arcuate popliteal L. Connect
Posterior fib head to posterior fibrous capsule
What does the ACL connect
From the anterior intracondylar area of the tibia to the medial aspect of the lat. fem. condyle
What does the PCL connect
From posterior aspect of intercondylar area of tibia to lateral aspect of the medial femoral condyle
What is weaker, ACL or PCL?
ACL
Where is the anterior tiobiofibular L. Located
Lateral side, connecting tibia to tibia to fibula
Where is the posterior talofibular L. Located
Posteriorly, connecting talus to fibula
Where is the anterior talofibular L. Located
Lateral side connecting talus to fibula
What L. Tears with a inversion ankle sprain
The anterior talofibular L ATF
Where is the deltoid L.
The medial side of the ankle
What are the 4 parts of the deltoid L.
Anterior tibio-talar part
Tibionavicular part
Tibiocalcaneal part
Posterior tibiotalar part
Femur neck fractures are common in who
The elderly, esp. women
How do femoral neck fx present
Last rotation and shortened
What A. Is torn away with a femur neck fx
Retnacualr A.
In whom does necrosis of the femur head result from a dislocation
Children
Is congenital dislocation fo the hip common or uncommon
Common
How does a congential hip dislocation present
Unable to abduct the thigh
What is the most common type of hip dislocation
Posterior dislocation
Where does the joint capsule rupture in a posterior hip dislocation
Inferiorly and posteriorly
Impingement of the sciatic N. From a hip dislocation can cause what
Paralysis of the hamstrings and muscles distal to the knee
Define genu varum
Bow legged
Q angle is small
Lower leg bends inward
Define genu valgum
Knock knee
Q angle is > 17
The lower leg is pushed outward
The patella is pulled laterally
Most common way for the patella to dislocate
Laterally
What usually prevents the knee from dislocating laterally
Vastus medialis
Define patellofemoral syndrome and how does it present
Runner knee
Can come from a direct blow to the patella
What can correct patellofemoral dysfunction
Strengthening the vastus medialis
What is the most common knee injury in contact sports
Ligament strain
Define ACL rupture and how to diagnose it
Free tibia moves anteriorly under the fixed femur
Diagnosed with anterior drawer test
Define PCL rupture and how is it diagnosed
Usually happens with a LCL or MCL tear
Free tibia wants to slide posteriorly
Diagnosed with posterior drawer test
Meniscal tears usually involve what
The medial meniscus
Pain on medial rotation of the tibia means what
Injury to the medial meniscus
Meniscal tears also involve what
ACL and MCL
FCL =?
LCL
TCL =?
MCL
A lateral L. Sprain in the ankle means injury to what
Inversion of the ankle and injury to the ATF
Medial L. Injury means what and is called what
An eversion of the ankle
The deltoid L. Is too strong to break, and thus causes an evulsion fx of the medial malleolus
Also called a Pott fracture
Entrapment of the tibial N. Causes what
Tarsal tunnel syndrome
