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V - KCU - MSK1 (T2) - OMS1 > Connective Tissue > Flashcards

Connective Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

What is the ECM matrix?

A

Gel structure with embedded protein fibers

Carries oxygen, nutrients, waste, etc.

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2
Q

What are the 5 types of connective tissues

A
  1. Fibrous
  2. Adipose
  3. Cartilage
  4. Bone
  5. Hematopoietic
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3
Q

What are the 6 functions of connective tissues

TED SPS

A
  1. Structural framework
  2. Protection
  3. Support
  4. Energy storage
  5. Transport fluids/cells
  6. Defense
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4
Q

What do fibroblasts produce

A

Collagens, proteoglycans, and glycoproteins

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5
Q

What do mesenchymal cells do

A

Provide Connective tissue stem cells

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6
Q

What do adipose cells do

A

Store and release fat

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7
Q

What do chondrocytes produce

A

Produce and maintain cartilage components

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8
Q

What do osteoblasts produce

A

Bone components

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9
Q

What are the three subtypes of fibrous CT

A

Loose (areolar)
Dense regular
Dense irregular

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10
Q

What are the 6 cells types of connective tissue

MACHO Fucker

A
  1. Fibroblasts
  2. Mesenchymal cells
  3. Adipocytes
  4. Chondrocytes
  5. Osteoblasts
  6. Hematopoietic cells
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11
Q

What three types of fibers are found in the ECM of fibrous connective tissue

A
  1. Collagens (usually Type I)
  2. Elastin
  3. Reticular fibers
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12
Q

What does Type I collagen do? How are they aligned? What is the purpose of this alignment?

A

Resist tension

Aligned as cross-linkages which increase tensile strength

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13
Q

What does elastin do? And what is it the main components of?

A

Stretches

Makes up the assembly of tropoelastin, fibulin-1, and fibrillins 1/2

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14
Q

What doe reticular fibers do

A

Forms supportive network

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15
Q

What is crucial for Type I collagen fibers

A

Vit. C

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16
Q

Broad overview, what is ehler’s danlos syndrome?

A

Abnormal collagen synthesis which causes weak collagen fibers

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17
Q

What is a ground substance and what is it made of

A

The amorphous intercellular material in which the cells and fibers of connective tissue are embedded, composed of proteoglycans, hyaluronan, glycoproteins, and extracellular proenzymes

18
Q

What is the purpose of the ground substance

A

development, movement, and proliferation of tissues, as well as their metabolism. Additionally, cells use it for support, water storage, binding, and a medium for intercellular exchange (especially between blood cells and other types of cells). Ground substance provides lubrication for collagen fibers

19
Q

Proteoglycans become linked together to form what

A

Hyaluronan which is high in charge and hydration

20
Q

What are mesenchymal stem cells

A

Multipotent stem cells in adults that differentiate into a variety of cell types

21
Q

What cell types can mesenchymal stem cells proliferate into

A
  1. Fibroblasts
  2. Muscle cells
  3. Osteoblasts
  4. Chondroblasts
  5. Adipocytes
22
Q

What controls what mesenchymal stem cells turn into

A

Transcription factors

23
Q

What is marfan’s syndrome?

A

Long arms and legs

Elastin in weak due to a mutation in the fibrilin I gene

Targets the ocular, skeletal, and CV system

24
Q

What are the two types of fibrous connective tissue

A

Loose connective tissue

Dense connective tissue

25
Q

What are the cell types found within loose fibrous connective tissue

A

Areolar
Adipose
Reticular

26
Q

Describe areolar loose connective tissue

A

Low density tissue with both fixed and wandering cells, wide spread throughout body

27
Q

Describe adipose loose connective tissue

A

Fat containing tissue

28
Q

Describe reticular loose connective tissue

A

Rich in reticular fibers, forms an open framework to create a supportive mesh for holding free cells

29
Q

What are the three types of Dense Connective Tissue

A

Denser irregular
Dense regular
Elastic connective

30
Q

Describe irregular connective tissue. What is the primary cell type?

A

Fibers are deposited in a random pattern

Mainly compromised of fibroblasts

Ex. Dermis of skin

31
Q

Describe regular connective tissue

A

Fibers are deposited in a highly regular pattern

Poorly vascular, comprised mainly of fibroblasts

Ex. Tendons

32
Q

Describe elastic connective tissue

A

Rich in elastin fibers

Allows for recoil of tissue

Found in blood vessels

33
Q

What types of cells are fixed cells

A

Fibroblasts
Adipocytes
Mesenchymal cells

34
Q

What types of cells are wandering cells

A

Macrophages
Mast cells
Leukocytes/lymphocytes
Plasma cells

35
Q

What are the two types of fat and describe them

A
  1. White fat - functions in energy storage, insulation, and hormone secretion
  2. Brown fat - key thermogenic tissue, abundant in newborns, greatly reduced in adults
36
Q

Where is reticular connective tissue mostly found

A

liver, BOM, lymph nodes, spleen

37
Q

What is the function of a fibroblast

A

To produce collagen, elastin, reticular fibers, proteoglycans, and glycoproteins in the ECM

38
Q

What is the function of adipocytes

A

Remove lipids from blood, store lipids, release lipids when needed

39
Q

What is the function of macrophages

A

Function as phagocytes to destroy bacteria, damaged or sick cells, and remove cell debris

40
Q

What is the purpose of mast cells

A

To secrete chemicals such as histamine and heparin

41
Q

What is the function of plasma cells

A

Differentiate into B-Lymphocytes

Produce antibodies that mediate immunity

V - KCU - MSK1 (T2) - OMS1 (16 decks)

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