Gluteal Region Flashcards
What three bones comprise the os coxae
Ilium (superior)
Ischium(posterior)
Pubis (anterior)
What ligament forms the greater sciatic foramen
The sacrospinous L.
Where does the sacrospinous L attach
From the sacrum to the ischial spine
What forms the lesser sciatic foramen
The sacrotuberous L
Where does the sacrituberous L. Attach to
From the sacrum to the ischial tuberosity
What structures exit the greater sciatic foramen
PIN + PSG
Gluteal neurovascular bundles
Sciatic N.
Post. Fem. cutaneous N.
Prudendal N.
Internal Prudendal A.
N to oberator internus/superior gemellus
What structures enter the lesser sciatic foramen
Prudental N.
Internal Prudental A.
N. To obterator internus/superior gemellus M.’s
What exits the lesser sciatic foramen
The obturator internus m.
In general, the cluneal N. Innervates what
Cutaneous regions of gluteus
The superior and middle branches of the cluneal N. Are supplied by what
Dorsal rami
The inferior branches of the cluneal N. Are innervated by what
Ventral rami
All of the nerves in the sacral plexus are what type of nerves
Motor
What are the two divisions of the sacral plexus
Anterior and posterior divisions
What C nerves supplies the superior gluteal N.
Posterior division of SP
L4 - S1
What trunk nerve supplies Inferior Gluteal N.
Posterior division of SP
L5 - S2
What trunk nerve supplies the sciatic N.
Posterior and anterior divisions of the SP
L4 - S3
What does the sciatic N. Branch into and What trunk nerve supplies each
- Common fibular N. (L4 - S2)
2. Tibial N. (L4 - S3)
What trunk nerve supplies the posterior femoral cutaneous N.
Posterior and anterior divisions of SP
S1 - S3
Where do the superior gluteal N. And A. Leave the pelvis
Above the piriformis M.
Where does the inferior gluteal N. Leave the pelvis
Inferior to the piriformis M.
What does the superior gluteal N. Supply
Gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, and tensor fasciae latae
What does the inferior gluteal N. Supply
The gluteus maximus
Does the sciatic N. Supply anything in the gluteal region
NO
What N. Supplies more skin than any other N.
Posterior femoral cutaneous N.
What part of the leg does the posterior femoral cutaneous N. Supply
The superior posterior leg
Define the course of the pundendal N.
Exits greater sciatic foramen under the piriformis and reenteres lesser sciatic foramen
What does the superficial branch of the superior gluteal artery supply
Gluteus maximus
What does the deep branch of the superficial gluteal A. Supply
The gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, and tensor fascia lata
What does the inferior gluteal A. Supply
The gluteus maximus, small lateral rotators, and the superior hamstrings
What arteries participate in cruciate anastomosis
LIMP
Inferior gluteal A.
Medial femoral circumflex A.
Lateral femoral circumflex A.
Perforating A.’s
The internal pudental A. Follows what structure
The pudental N.
What does the pudental A. supply
Pernial muscles and genitalia
NO GLUTEAL STRUCTURES
What are the connecting points for the IT Band
The iliac tubercle to Gerdy’s Tubercle on lateral tibial condyle
What are the functions of the IT Band
Assist in decelerating adduction of the thigh
Laterally stabilize knee
[pulls patella laterally, is the antagonist of vastus medialis and synergist with vastus lateralis
Stretching of the It Band treats what
Chondromalacia patella
Define trochanteric bursitis
Inflammation of the trochanteric bursa which results from repetitive actions such as climbing stairs while carrying heavy objects
How does trochanteric bursitis occur
The superior tendons fibers of the gluteus maximus move back and forth over the over the bursae of the greater trochanter
How does trochanteric bursitits present
Deep, diffuse pain in the lateral thigh region as well as point tenderness over the greater trochanter of the femur
Define ischial bursitis
Results from repeated microtrauma which overwhelms the ability of the ischial bursa to dissipate applied stress
Causes excessive frition between the ischial bursa and the ischial tuberosity
How does ischial bursitis present
Localized pain occurs over the bursa which increases with movement of the gluteus maximus
Can lead to pressure sores in bedridden people
Define hamsrtring strains
Common in individuals who run and kick hard
Due to violent muscle exertion which may avulse part of the proximal tendinous attachments of the hamstring and ischial tuberosity
Define duchenne’s limp
Due to an injury to the superior gluteal N.
Causes weakened abduction of the thigh by the gluteal medius and minimus
Medial rotation is also very impaired
How does duchenne’s limp present
The patient has a limp that causes the affected side to be lower than the other and the foot to not clear the floor during the gait cycle
What is a positive tendelenburg’s sign
Shows that the superior gluteal nerve is injured
When patient stands on one foot, the affected side drops down and patient;s muscles try to compensate for this
Define piriformis syndrome
A compression of the sciatic N. Due to trauma of the buttocks and or hypertophy of the piriformis M.
Very common in a patient who has the common fibular div. of the sciatic nerve pass through the piriformis M.
Define complete section of the sciatic N.
The leg become useless because extension of the hip is impaired and all ankle/foot movements are lost
Define incomplete section of the sciatic N.
Results from a stab wound
