Lifespan Development 2 Flashcards
What is the main task of late adulthood in Erikson’s theory?
- Integrity vs. despair.
What are Piaget’s four stages of cognitive development?
- Sensorimotor
- Preoperational
- Concrete operational
- Formal operational.
What is the sensorimotor stage in Piaget’s theory?
Birth to 2 years; children learn through senses and motor behavior, and develop object permanence.
What is the preoperational stage in Piaget’s theory?
Ages 2-7; children use symbols and engage in pretend play but are egocentric.
What is the concrete operational stage in Piaget’s theory?
Ages 7-11; children think logically about concrete events and understand reversibility.
What is the formal operational stage in Piaget’s theory?
Ages 11+; children can think abstractly and reason hypothetically.
What are schemata in Piaget’s theory?
Mental models or concepts that help us categorize and interpret information.
What is assimilation in Piaget’s theory?
Taking in new information that fits into existing schemata.
What is accommodation in Piaget’s theory?
- Changing existing schemata to incorporate new information.
What are Kohlberg’s stages of moral development?
Pre-conventional, conventional, and post-conventional morality.
What is pre-conventional morality in Kohlberg’s theory?
Moral reasoning based on rewards and punishments (typically before age 9).
What is conventional morality in Kohlberg’s theory?
Moral reasoning based on social norms and laws (early adolescence).
What is post-conventional morality in Kohlberg’s theory?
Moral reasoning based on universal ethical principles (rarely fully achieved).
What is the Heinz dilemma in Kohlberg’s theory?
A moral dilemma used to assess stages of moral reasoning, involving a man stealing a drug to save his wife.
