Lifespan Chapter 1 Flashcards
What is the nature of a person?
Genetics
What is the nurture of a person?
Environment
What is a critical period in development?
Certain milestones must occur for development to be normal (thalidomide babies)
What is a sensitive period in development?
Certain types of development happen most easily (language)
What are the five ways development can happen?
Linear, growth and decline, unpredictable, no change
How does context impact development?
Level of education, geography, neighborhood
How does culture impact development?
Its knowledge passed from one generation to another
Who is Sigmund Freud and what are his five stages of psychosexual development?
an Austrian neurologist and the founder of psychoanalysis, a groundbreaking approach to understanding the human mind and treating mental illness. He is one of the most influential thinkers of the 20th century, known for his theories about the unconscious mind, sexuality, and human behavior.
Oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital
What did Albert Bandura see as being a major way children learn?
Learning by observing/modeling
Who is Erik Erikson and what are his eight stages of psychosocial development?
a German-American developmental psychologist and psychoanalyst best known for his theory of psychosocial development, which outlines eight stages of human growth and development across the lifespan. Erikson’s work built on and expanded the ideas of Sigmund Freud, but he focused more on social and cultural factors in development rather than just psychosexual aspects.
Trust v. Mistrust (infancy)
Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt (early childhood)
Initiative vs. Guilt (preschool)
Industry vs. Inferiority (school age)
Identity vs. Role Confusion (adolescence)
Intimacy vs. Isolation (young adulthood)
Generativity vs. Stagnation (middle adulthood)
Integrity vs. Despair (old age)
Who is Jean Piaget and what are his four stages of cognitive development?
a Swiss psychologist and one of the most influential figures in the field of developmental psychology. He is best known for his theory of cognitive development, which describes how children actively construct their understanding of the world through stages of intellectual growth. Piaget’s work revolutionized the study of child development and influenced education and psychology.
Sensorimotor
Preoperational
Concrete Operational
Formal Operational
What is assimilation?
Fit to new material into existing material (taking in new information and keeping it logical)
What is accommodation?
Restructure existing material to accommodate new (taking in info and making it their new structure)
Who is Abraham Maslow and what is his theory of Hierarchy of Needs?
an American psychologist best known for developing Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, a theory of human motivation that outlines the stages of growth and fulfillment that individuals seek in life.
Self-actualization
Esteem
Love and belonging
Safety
Physiological
Survey method
Large number of people; not very in-depth
