Lexicology

Question 1

Common Nouns

Answer 1

Concrete or abstract general terms. :
“table” or “dog”

Question 2

Proper Nouns

Answer 2

Always capitalise and name specific things like places and names. :
“Melbourne” or “Lucinda”

Question 3

Pronouns

Answer 3

Short words that replace noun/noun phrases in a sentence. :
“I”, “me”, “you”

Question 4

Verbs

Answer 4

Verbs can take different forms. Can be indicated by auxiliary verbs or changes to the verb itself.

Question 5

Infinitives

Answer 5

Verb from a noun, adjective or adverb. To make a verb add “to”.

Question 6

Participles

Answer 6

These are used to create certain tense/aspect or as an adjective.
He was hidden in the wardrobe. The hidden temple was lost forever.

Question 7

Modal verbs

Answer 7

Used to express possibility, ability, intent, obligation or the necessity of an action happening. There are only a few of these verbs.
Ability- Can, could
Permission: Can, could, may
Advice: Should
Obligation: Must, Have to
Possibility: Might, May, Could, Can

Question 8

Auxiliaries

Answer 8

Modify/change the same aspects of the main verb. Used to create questions and form tense.
Eg. “we are running late”

Question 9

Adverbs

Answer 9

Used to describe, modify or qualify other parts of speech. Often verbs, adverbs adjectives or sometimes whole sentences. Words that answer questions like when? Where? How?

Question 10

Adjectives

Answer 10

Modify nouns, may provide additional information about qualities, size, judgement, degree of comparison. Located before a noun and after a verb.
Qualities – Red
Size – Small
Judgement – Ugly
Degree of comparison – Faster

Question 11

Interjections

Answer 11

Express strong feelings, sometimes demands or requests and often highly expressive/emotive. Can be part of a sentence or stand alone.
“Oh no, I’ve dropped my cake!”

Question 12

Prepositions

Answer 12

Explains the relationship between nouns and other elements in a sentence.

Question 13

Conjunctions

Answer 13

Words that link phrases, words and sentences together.
For And Nor But Or Yet So (FANBOYS)

Question 14

Conjunction- Coordinating

Answer 14

Place two or more elements side by side in a way that shows they are equal.
Eg. Jane and Sarah loved school.

Question 15

Conjunction- subordinating

Answer 15

Connects two or more elements. One is the ‘parent’ which can stand on its on (independent) and the other ‘child’ relies on the ‘parent’.
Eg. I went out because I was bored.

Question 16

Conjunctive adverbs

Answer 16

An adverb that has the characteristics of a conjunction. Link two or more elements to show cause and effect, Sequence and contracts.

Question 17

Determiners

Answer 17

nouns/noun phrases act as modifiers.
Made up of articles, possessives, adjectives, demonstratives, indefinite determiners, and numbers.
Eg. articles (a, an, and the)
possessive adjectives (his, my)
demonstratives (this/that),
indefinite determiners (all, each)
numbers (one, two etc)