Levine

Question 1

what type of experiment was this

Answer 1

Qusai experiment

Question 2

IV

Answer 2

The people in each city was naturally occuring

Question 3

DV

Answer 3

helping rate calcualted fro each of the 23 indivdual cities

Question 4

What deign did it use

Answer 4

Indepedanmt measrues

Question 5

What is the study also an example of

Answer 5

cross cultrtual research

Question 6

Sample

Answer 6

Opportutnity

Question 7

What were the 4 co variables

Answer 7

Population size - united nations demographic yearbook

Economic indictor- using purchasing power parity

Cultrutal values -six experts rated each country on individualism- collectivism. there was high inter rater reliability of .92

pace of life- using walking spped as an indicator

Question 8

Aims

Answer 8

To see if helping of strangers varies across cultures

To identify the characteristics of those communities in which strangers are more (or less) likely to help.

To see if the tendency of people within a city to offer non-emergency help to strangers was stable across different situations in which people needed help.

Question 9

Research method

Answer 9

Correlation study
Used to establish whether any relationships found between level of helping and characteristics of countries.

Question 10

Dropped pen condition

Answer 10

Total of 214 men and 210 women.
Participants were scored as having helped if they called called back that he had dropped his pen and/or picked it up.

Question 11

Hurt leg experiment

Answer 11

Total of 253 men and 240 women.
Helping was defined as offering to help and/or beginning to help without offering.

Question 12

Helping a blind person across the street

Answer 12

Total of 281 trials.
Helping was scored if participants at a minimum informed the experimenter that the light was green.

Question 13

Discarded tasks

Answer 13

Asking for change:
Problems such as a shortage of change.

How many apparently mislaid letters would be picked up and posted:
Problems such as residents being afraid to touch the letters for fear they might contain explosives. Also lack of post boxes.

Question 14

Population size results

Answer 14

No relationship found between population size of a city and level of helping behaviour.

Question 15

Simpatia results

Answer 15

The simpatia countries were all above the mean in overall helping and on average were more helpful than the other international cities.
Mean for simpatia countries-82.87%
Non-simpatia countries-65.87%

Question 16

Simpatia meaning

Answer 16

Being friendly, nice, agreeable and good natured is prioritised over achievement and productivity.

Question 17

Conclusions

Answer 17

The overall levels of helping across cultures are inversely related to a countries economic productivity.

Countries with the cultural tradition of simpatia are on average more helpful than countries with no such tradition

Question 18

Ethical guidelines broken

Answer 18

Unlikely to have consent.
Deception.
No right to withdraw.
No debrief.
Harm (affected by not helping other

Question 19

Link to key theme of helping behaviour

Answer 19

Suggests that levels of helping behaviour vary quite considerably around the world, with the highest levels being in the symposia cultures of Latin America and Spain.

Question 20

Purchasing Power Parity

Answer 20

Cities with lower levels of purchasing power tend to be more helpful.