Levels of Organization

Question 1

Chemical Level

Answer 1

Consists of Atoms and molecules.

Question 2

Molecules

Answer 2

Two or more atoms of the same element joined together

Question 3

Cells

Answer 3

The basic structural and functional units of an organism

Question 4

Organelles

Answer 4

like mini organs that make up a cell. Each had different functions (ie mitochondria)

Question 5

Tissue

Answer 5

Groups of cells (and the material around them) that work together to perform a particular function.

Question 6

Types of tissues

Answer 6

1) Epithelium
2) Muscle
3) Nerve
4) Connective Tissue

Question 7

Organs

Answer 7

Structures composed of two or more different types of tissues (most organs have all 4 basic tissues represented.)
- Specific functions/recognizable shapes

Question 8

Organ System

Answer 8

consists of related organs with a common function.
- 11 organ systems in the human body

Question 9

Body Fluids

Answer 9

Dilute, watery solutions containing dissolved chemicals inside or outside of the cell.
- Body must maintain volume and composition of these fluids.

Question 10

ICF

Answer 10

Intracellular Fluid
(Fluid within a cell)

Question 11

ECF

Answer 11

Extracellular Fluid
(Fluid outside of a cell)

Question 12

Types of ECF

Answer 12

• Interstitial Fluid
  (between cells and tissues)
• Blood Plasma is
  (ECF within blood vessels)
• Lymph
  (ECF within lymphatic vessels).
• Cerebrospinal fluid
  (ECF in the brain and spinal cord)
• Synovial fluid (ECF in joints)
• Aqueous humor (ECF in eyes)

Question 13

Homeostasis

Answer 13

A condition of equilibrium (balance) within the body.It is a dynamic condition meant to keep body functions in the narrow range compatible with maintaining life.
- Regulated by the nervous and endocrine systems.

Question 14

Homeostasis may be challenged by..

Answer 14

1) External disruptions such as intense heat or lack of oxygen

2) Changes in the internal environment such as a drop in blood glucose due to lack of food
3) Physiological stress such as demands of work or school

Question 15

Ion

Answer 15

An atom that gains or loses a electron

Question 16

Atoms

Answer 16

Their nucleus is made up of protons and neutrons while the electrons orbit in the electron cloud.

Question 17

Valence shell

Answer 17

Outermost ring of the valence cloud. First shell has max of 2 electrons and every one after that has a max of 8. Each cloud WANTS to be maxed out, so this desire will promote bonding.

Question 18

Elements

Answer 18

Cannot be broken down by ordinary chemical means

Question 19

The 3 sub-atomic particles

Answer 19

1) Protons
2) Neutrons
3) Electrons

Question 20

What factors influence the rate of a chemical reaction?

Answer 20

1) Temperature
2) Concentration
3)Pressure

Question 21

What does an enzyme do in a chemical reaction?

Answer 21

Enzymes provide the environment for the reactants and thus lowers the levels of activation of energy that needs to be invested in a chemical reaction.
- Assist in breakdown of food and its energy conversion
- most chemical reactions in body are facilitated by enzymes
- Decrease activation energy for. a given chemical reaction to occur.

Question 22

Organic Compound

Answer 22

A substance that contains both Carbon & Hydrogen

Question 23

Inorganic Compound

Question 24

atomic number

Answer 24

determined by the number of protons

Question 25

Atoms

Answer 25

The smallest units of matter that participate in chemical reactions

Question 26

Visceral

Answer 26

Pertaining to covering an organ

Question 27

Parietal

Answer 27

Pertaining to covering against a cavity wall

Question 28

Matter

Answer 28

Any substance that has matter and occupies space