Leukocytosis-P

Question 1

What are 2 common cause of neutrophilic leukocytosis?

Answer 1

1. Bacterial infection or tissue necrosis

2. high cortisol state

Question 2

CD16 is known as what. Is it increased or decreased in a left shift?

Answer 2

Fc receptors

• decreased in the left shift
• thus they are lacking on immature cells

Question 3

What is an marginated pool of neutrophils? how is this pool affected by bacterial infections, necrosis and high cortisol states?

Answer 3

These are the neutrophils that are adhered to the endothelial lining of the blood vessels (low flow areas)

• They break off in time of need in bacterial infections
• Cortisol disrupts the adhesion of neuts to these walls

Question 4

If cortisol disrupts the binding of marginated pools to the endothelial wall then what would prednisone or other steroids do the WBC?

Answer 4

Increase it

Question 5

Malignancy and chronic inflammatory states like AI and infectious cause what?

Answer 5

Monocytosis

Question 6

What chemoattractants and/or chemokines recruit eosinophils? What would lead to the release of these factors?

Answer 6

IL-5
Eosinophil chemotactic factor (ECF)

1. Allergic rxn (type 1 Hypersense)
2. Parasitic infections
3. Hodgkins Lymphoma

Question 7

what is the hallmark Dx for basophilia?

Answer 7

Chronic myeloid leukemia

Question 8

What causes lymphocytic leukocytosis?

Answer 8

1. Viral infections (T-cell hyperplasia)

2. Bordetella pertussis infection (bacteria produce lymphocytosis promoting factor, LPF)

Question 9

How does LPF cause lymphocytosis?

Answer 9

Block the entry of lymphocytes in the LN and thus they have to stay in the blood
- this leads to increase lymphocytes in the serum