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Disease and Defense > leukemia/lymphomas > Flashcards

leukemia/lymphomas Flashcards

1
Q

Leukemia

A

condition of white cell - heme malignancies, mostly in bone marrow/blood

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2
Q

Lymphoma

A

heme malignancy - from lymphocytes/precursors - manifest as solid mass

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3
Q

Extramedullary myleoid tumor/granulocytic sarcoma

A

Myeloid cells/precursors –> solid mass

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4
Q

Acute leukemia

A 
Hematopoietic neoplasm
rapidly progressive
takes over marrow 
low pancytopenia
rapidly fatal
Blocked in maturation
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5
Q

Acute leukemia presents with:

A

low platelets – bleeding, bruises, hemorrhagic stroke
low neutrophils – fever, infections, malaise
low RBC – fatigue

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6
Q

Chronic Leukemia

A

CLL/CML
Increased WBC/accumulation of normal mature blood cells
insidious onset - no symptoms
Eventually can risk transformation

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7
Q

High grade lymphoma

A

rapidly enlarging mass

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8
Q

high grade leukemia

A

acute leukemia

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9
Q

Most common chromosomal abnormality

A

balanced translocation

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10
Q

Oncogenic viruses (3)

A

Epstein Barr (EBV)
Human T cell leukemia virus 1
Kaposi sarcoma herpes virus/Human herpesvirus 8 (KSHV/HHV-8)

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11
Q

Predisposing conditions hematologic malignancies

A

Primary/acquired immunodeficiency
INherited genomic instability
Ionizing radiation
Chemotherapies

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12
Q

myeloid

A

granulocytic, monocyte, erythroid, megakaryocytic, mast cell

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13
Q

Lymphoid

A

B, T, NK cell

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14
Q

“other cells” includes

A

histiocytes, dendritic cells, langerhans cells

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15
Q

Multiparameter classification systems

A 
Microscopic
histological growths
specific cytogenetic finidng/molecular finding
relative amount of mal. cell in blood
cell surface/cytoplasmic/nuclear markers
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16
Q

Block in maturation - accumulation of immature cell in marrow = ______________

A

acute leukemia

17
Q

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)

A

Marrow over taken by neoplastic clone –> cannot make normal effect blood in 1+ myeloid lineage

18
Q

Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN)

A

marrow overtaken by neoplastic clone - makes too many (normal) cell of one or more lineage

19
Q

Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma (CHL)

A

HRS cells (derived from B cell)

20
Q

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL)

A

malignancies of mature lymphocytes - includes CHL and plasma cells
(B, T/NK cells)

21
Q

Plasma cell neoplasm

A

MGUS, placmacytoma, multiple myeloma

Disease and Defense (10 decks)

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