antibacterial resistance Flashcards
Where is ampC info located?
Chromosomally
ampC is resistance to:
beta lactamases:
penicillin and cephalosporin (cannot be inhibited by beta lactamase inhibitors)
Which 2 organisms can have ampC?
Enterobacter
Pseudomonas
List 3 enterobacteriaceae
Enterobacter
E coli
Klebsiella
2 drugs that can induce amp C
cefazolin
ampicilin
ESBL is located in?
plasmid
amp expression can be _____ or _____
inducible or constitutive
ESBL is in which 2 bugs?
E. Coli and Klebsiella
b-lactamase inhibitor’s effect onESBL and ampC
Can help with ESBL but cannot help with amp C
Who can acquire erm and msr?
Staph Aureus
Strep Pneumo
erm is inducible by?
only by macrolides
erm affects which two drugs
macrolides (Erythromycin induced) and clindamycin
Why are ERM and ampC important
single mutation –> change to consitutive on.
Can occur DURING therapy
How does erm work?
dimethylation of 23S rRNA.
Macrolides cannot bind to 23s rRNA (part of 50S)
How does msr gene work?
drug efflux