let 5- selected infant exam/milestones Flashcards
when is the apgar score taken
taken at one min and 5 mins after birth
What are the different categories f the APGAR score
Appearance Pulse Grimace (reflex irritability) Activity (mm tone) Respiration
What is the ranges for apgar score
7-10 is considered normal
4-7 suggests resuscitative measures may be needed
<3 suggests immediate resuscitation
what is the sig of growth assessments
- reflects health status
- illness,drugs, caregiving affects growth
- sig flag for processes and nurture
- indicators for action
birth to 1 year changes in weight + height
infants triple in their weight
increase in length by 50%
by 4 months what occurs to weight
usually doubles
what is the quickest time of growing in the first year
growth in the first 4 months
What does it mean that the childs weight is at the 90th precentile
the child is heavier than 90% of others
when are growth charts most accurate
6m-1year
-sensitive for detecting problems
causes of failure to grow
- Inadequat intake (low food volume, consumed, vomitting)
- Malabsorbtion
- increased metabolic demand
what is failure to thrive
when a childs weight loss or rate of weight gain is much lower than that of other children of similar age/gender
when is it considered failure to thrive on growth chart
When a childs weight for age falls below the fifth percentile (crosses two major percentile lines)
medical causes of failure to thrive
- genetic
- organ, hormone probs
- CNS disease
- heart,lung,gi probs
- anemia
- lack of digestive enzymes
- chronic infections
- low birth weight
What are some environmental issues that cause failure to thrive
- no emotional bond
- poverty
- poor relation
- poor education on diet
- poor eating habits
what is used to assess pubertal development
Tanner staging
What are dysmorphic features and example
might represent trauma at birth, congenital deformity or lifelong genetic disability
e.g., children w downs syndrome are an example of a set of distinct dysmorphic features
when can ear deformities usually be surgically adressed
2nd year of life
what is stahls ear
consists of an extra cartilage fold in the scapula portion of ear making it pointy
What is Lop ear
where the top rim of the ear is either folded over, wrinkled or tight
What is cup ear
involves op rim of ear which is abnormally tight
What is microtia
when the external ear is small and not formed properly
What is hypo plastic ear
failure of development of external ear
What is strabismus and when will u see it
dysconjugate eye movements
- often seen in first month (4-6weeks)
- caused by delayed coordination of CN 3,4,6
what are eyes that splay out without moving a sign of
increased intracranial pressure
How can you find internuclear ophthalmoplegia
‘Doll head maneuver’
-as head is moved in one direction, the eyes should stay fixed in the opposite
What are epstein pearls
small harmless cycts that form in newborns mouth
What is cleft palate
when the tissue that makes up the roof of mouth does not join together during preg
What is cleft lip
occurs when developing facial structures in unborn boaby don’t close completely
What is ankyloglossia
The lingual frenulum may be shortened or thickened, restricting movement of the tongue or it may tether the tongue too close to the tip
What is abdominal diastasis
protrusion of the abdomen due to separation of the rectus abdomens mm
What is an umbilical hernia
when part of intestine bulges thru opening in abdominal mm near belly button
