Acute Injury/ Vital Signs/ Acute Illness Flashcards
how many times where child abuse victims usually abused
66% said between 1-6x
What are 3 risk factors for child maltreatment
caregiver factors- criminal hx, inappropriate expectations, mental health hx, substance abuse
Child factors- Behaviour probs, medical fragility, non biologic relationship
Family/env factors- high local unemployment rates, intimate partner violence in the home, every, isolation, lack of support
Mc characteristics of victims of child abuse (6)
Less than 5Yoa Premature/multiple births chronic health probems developmentally delayed add/adhd child irritability
why don’t children usually speak to others about child abuse
- may have feelings of confusion/guilt etc
- may not recognize their own experiences as abusive/neglect
- May be coerced
- May fear consequence of telling
6 B’s as clue to child abuse
bruises breaks bonks burns bites baby blues (irritability)
Suspicious bruising areas
Occurs in fatty areas covered by clothing
pattern marks
multiple bruises in various stages of healing
bruises in babies still not ambulating
bruises that do not fit w causal mechanism
what is the triangle of safety
Ears, side of face, neck, top of shoulders
-accidental injuries in the area are unusual
suspicious fx in children (4)
- long bones
- metaphyseal fx
- ribs
- triangle of safety
phsyical indicators of sexual abuse
- genital irritation
- inadequatly explained anogenital trauma
- persistent vaginal discharge
- difficulty walking
- recurrent UTI
- preg
physical and behavioural signs of neglect
physical- constant hunger, failure to thrive, malnutrition, lack of subcut tissue, poor hygiene etc’
behavioural- stealing food, extending school days, constant fatigue, alcohol/drug abyse
emotional maltreatment physical and behavioural signs
physical- not many
behavioural
- low self esteem
- sudden onset of pathophysiological stress related conditions
- depression/anxiety/developmental delay
initiating intervention for intentional injury-what to say (3)
- acknowledge the situation
- comfort the child and ensure safety
- document and report
primary and secondary role of chiro in prevention of intentional injury
primary (community lvl)
-idea is to educate parents, and make them aware of the help the community can offer and reduce the stress a child brings home
Secondary (family lvl)
-identifying families which are under stress and who may need assistance from community based services
how to get pulse rate in child
Palpate carotid/ radial (after 2 y)
How to measure heart rate in child (under 7 and over location)
at apical heart
- 4th intercostal L in under 7
- 5th intercostal L in over 7
