Lec 6- Primitive to postural reflexes and stereotypes Flashcards
What are anticipatory guildines
proactive developmentally based counselling technique that focuses on the needs of a child at each stage of life
-info for parents to help them understand a babys growth and development
What did the majority of parents report about anticipatory guidlines
- they had not discussed most standard topics
- they could have used more info on these topics
- effort is required to provide pts with the info they need to take good care of their children
what is the rourke baby record
a system that many canadian doctors and other healthcare professionals use for well baby visas and for infants and children from week one to five weeks od age
what os a sensor motor integration disorder
sid is defined as a child that has problems in organizing sensations coming from the body and the environment that manifests as difficulties in the performance win one or more of the main areas of life
what do sensory motor integration disorders result in
eg will not meet developmental milestones
these diffivulities result in developmental delays
what are developmental delays
defined as variaations in the developmental process where a child is slow or fails to acquire the skills appropriate for their age
whaat are some causes of developmental delay
- genetic factors (chromosomal changes)
preg and birth factors
infancy and childhood
envurinmental changes
how are developmental; delays identified
a childs delay may appear on one or more domains of development
- feeding
- gross motor
- fine motor
- cognition
what are infant reflexes
- involuntary stereotyped movement responses ti a particular stimuli
- dominant movement firmed during the last 4 months of prenatal life and first 4 months after birth
occur sub cortically
when are fetal reflexes most dominant
dominant form of movement for last 4 months prebatally and first 4 months postnatally
what are the two types of reflexes used by children
- primitive reflexes- critical for human survival
2. postural reflexes- believed to be foundational for later voluntary movements
what are the infant reflexes and what do they develop into
crawling - crawling
labyrinthine- uptight posture
palmar grasp- grasp
stepping- walking
how do postural reflexes develop future movement
- foundational movement patterns
- -reflexes integrated, modifies and incorporated into more complex patterns to form voluntary movements
= automatic mvmt is practice for future voluntay movements
how can reflexes be used as a diagnostic tool
- can determine level of neurological involvement
- are age specific in normal healthy infants
- with severe deviations from normal time frame may indicate neurological immaturity or dysfunction
what are the sig primitive reflexes at 3 months (4)
searching/rooting
sucking
palmar mandibular
asymertriv tonic neck
what reflexes will y get at 4-6 m (2)
4- palmar grasp
4-6- moro/starte
what reflexes will you get at 1 year and 2.5 years
1- plantar grasp
2.5- babinski
what is the search rooting reflex (stim, response, duration)
stim- touchng the cheek
response- head moves toward stim
rental-3m
no reflex is prob for nutrion (may be presence of CNS issue)
sucking reflex- stim, response, duration, concerns
stim- touch of the lips
response- sucking avtion
duration- utero to 3m
concerns- no reflex prob for nutrition
what is the palmar mandibular reflex and what is the stimulus, response and duration
stim- pressure to both palms
response- else close, mouth opens and neck flexes
birth-3m
what is asymmetric tonic neck stim res[\ponse duration concerns
stim-prone/supone pos, head turned to one side
response- limes extended on same side that the head to facing and flexed on either side (bow n arrow type blood)
birth-3m
concerns- facilliates bilateral body awereness
what is the palmar grasp reflex (stim, response, duration, concerns
palm stimed
response- 4 fingers close
duration- 5 m gestation to 4 months post
no palmar grasp may indicatie neuro issues (spasticity)
what is the moro/startle reflex (stim, response, duration, concerns)
Stim- suddenly, but genteelly lower head, startle- hit surface near baby
response- arms/legs extend
duration- prenata- 4-6m post
concern- may signify CNS dysfunction, sensory/motor probs etc
(abnormal response seen in hypotonic infants- floppy infant sign)
what is the palmar grasp reflex (stim, response, duration _
stim- Touching ball of foot
resonse- toes grasp
duration- birth-1year
Babinski reflex in kids- stim, response, duration
Stim- stroke bottom or lat foot
response- great toe up, toes splay
duration- birth-4m (then slowly dimities)
What is tummy time
baby is awake and on stomach for sj=hort periods of time
beneits of tummy time
-msk development (cervical, lumbar, scapular stabilizeation, foundations of quadruped pos)
- strengthen the neck and shoulder
- motor skill/pattern development
- gi tract stim
based on research tummy time is associated pos with
gross motor development
total development
reduction in BMI score
prevention of brachycephaly (short/flattened head)
ability to move while prone, supine, crawling
what does tummy time have no association with
fine motor development/communication
what is the pull to sit postural reflex- stim,response, duration
Stim- sit/stand, hold hands tip in one direction
response- Arms flex or extend to maintain an upright pos.
duration- 3m-1year
crawling postural reflex- stim, respnse, duration, concerns
stim- prone pos on surface, stroke alternate feet
Respone- legs/arms move in crawling action
duration- birth-3/4m
What is head and body righting- stim, response, duration
stim- supine and turn head/body either direction
response- head/body rights self with head/body
duration- head (1-6m), body (5m- 1 year)
Wat is the swimming type reflex
stim-infant held horizontal
response- arms and legs move in coordinated swimming action
duration- 2w- tm
what is labyrinthine propping
Stim- baby held upright and tilted in one direction
response- baby tilts head in opposite direction
duration- 2-3–year
What is parachuting-stim, response, duration, concerns
stim- off balance in an upright pos
response- protective mvmt in direction of fall
duration- 4m-1year
assessed in preterm babies as marker of neurological development
what is the progression of verticilization
this is the progression from gross motor skills and milestones including-
- head lift
- rolling
- arm extortion w back arch
- 4 point stance
- crawling
- kneeling
- arm pull to a creep
- to cruising biped
stepping reflex- stim, response
concerns
stim- infant upright w feet touching surface
response- legs lift and descend
duration- birth-5/6 m
what are sterotypies
characterized by patterned, stereotype, highly intrinsic and involuntary movements of the body
–a repetitive mvmt posture or sound utterance
when stereotypes are seen in older children/adult what does it usually mean
older children- may be problematic because they compete for time and energy that a child could use to learn new skills
adults- seen in some adult brain diseases (schmitz. dementia)
What are primary motor stereotypes in non autistic inv
rhythmic,repative, fixed, predictable, movements that may occur in children who are otherwise developing normally
