Lesson 9 | Finals Flashcards
Study of joints
Arthrology
Means “joints”
Arthr
Other term for joint
Articulation / Arthrosis
Joint classifications
- Structural classification
- Functional classification
Point of contact between two bones
Joint
Structural classification basis
Based on anatomical structures
Criteria for structural classification
- Presence/ Absence of Synovial Joint
- Type of Connective Tissue
Functional classification basis
Based on the type of movement they permit
Criteria for functional classification
Degree of movement
Joints according to structural classifications
- Fibrous
- Cartilaginous
- Synovial
Joints according to functional classifications
- Synathrosis
- Ampiarthrosis
- Diarthrosis
Presence of synovial cavity in structurally classified joints
Fibrous : None
Cartilaginous: None
Synovial: Present
Type of connective tissue present at structurally clasified joints
Fibrous : Dense irregular connective tissue
Cartilaginous: Cartilage
Synovial: Dense irregular connective tissue
Immovable
Synarthrosis
Slightly movable/ Limited movement
Ampiarthrosis
Freely movable
Diarthrosis
Classified functionally as either synarthrosis or ampiarthrosis
Fibrous joints and Cartilaginous joints
Fibrous joints
- Sutures
- Syndesmoses
- Interosseous Membrane
Found only in the skull
Sutures
Sutures
- Coronal suture
- Squamous suture
- Lamboidal suture
- Sagittal suture
Functional classification depends on one’s age
Sutures
Functional classification of sutures
Immovable (Synarthrosis) in adults;
Slightly movable (ampiarthrosis) in infants (joints need to expand)
More dense irregular CT and arranged as bundle
Syndesmoses
How CTs are arranged in syndesmoses
as bundle (ligament)
Syndesmoses examples
- Distal tibiofibular joint (ampiarthrosis)
- Gomphosis (synarthrosis)
Gomphosis other term
dentoalveolar joint
Gomphosis articulating bones
Root of teeth & alveolar part of mandible
Only fibrous joint that is functionally classified as ampiarthrosis only
Interosseous membrane
Substantial sheet of dense irregular CT
Interosseous membrane
Binds neighboring long bones
Dense irregular CT
Where are Interosseous membranes found?
Found in parallel long bones of the body (radius-ulna; tibia-fibula)
Cartilaginous Joints
- Synchondroses
- Symphyses
Connecting material of synchondroses
Hyaline cartilage
Functional classification of synchondroses
Immovable (synarthrosis)
Exapmle of synchondroses
Epiphyseal (growth) plate
Costal cartilage
Where is an epiphyseal (growth) plate found?
Found in growing long bone
An epiphyseal (growth) plate becomes a/n —
epiphyseal line
Connecting material of symphyses
Fibrocartilage connective tissue
Functional classification of symphyses
Slightly movable joint (ampiarthrosis)
Example of a symphyses
- Symphysis pubis
- Intervertebral joint
Articulating bones of symphysis pubis
Right and left pubic bones
Functional classification of synovial joints
- Freely movable (Diarthroses)