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112L > Lesson 8 | Finals > Flashcards

Lesson 8 | Finals Flashcards

1
Q

Number of muscles in the body

A

600+

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2
Q

Main function of the muscles

A

Allows movement

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3
Q

Other term for muscle fibers

A

muscle cells

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4
Q

A bundled group of muscle fibers

A

Fascicle

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5
Q

Tendons vs ligaments

A

Tendons: Muscle to bone
Ligaments: Bone to bone

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6
Q

Types of muscles according to fascicle arrangement

A

Parallel
Fusiform
Circular
Pennate (Unipennate, Bipennate, Multipennate)

PFPC

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7
Q

Fascicles are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the muscle

A

Parallel muscles

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8
Q

Has flat sheet appearance

A

Parallel muscles

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9
Q

Examples of parallel muscles

A

Sternohyoid muscle
Sartorius muscle

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10
Q

Longest muscle in the body

A

Sartorius muscle

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11
Q

Middle region of a spindle-shaped muscle

A

Belly

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12
Q

Fascicles are nearly parallel; spindle-shaped

A

Fusiform

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13
Q

Shape of fusiform muscles

A

Spindle-shaped

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14
Q

Examples of fusiform

A

Biceps brachii

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15
Q

Explain what is a spindle shape

A

Narrow at both ends, wide towards the center

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16
Q

Fascicles in concentric circular arrangement form sphincter muscles

A

Circular

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17
Q

Fascicle arracngement of circular muscles

A

concentric circular arrangement

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18
Q

Examples of circular muscles

A

Orbicularis oculi
Orbicularis oris

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19
Q

Orbicularis oculi vs Orbicularis oris

A

Orbicularis oculi: encircles the eye
Orbicularis oris: encirces the mouth

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20
Q

Usually found encircling an orifice

A

Sphincter muscle

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21
Q

Orifice

A

opening

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22
Q

Other term for triangular muscles

A

Convergent

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23
Q

Fascicles are spread over a broad area

A

Triangular

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24
Q

Why are triangular muscles also called convergent muscles?

A

Fascicles converge into a narrow or a single point of tendon

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25
Q

Examples of triangular muscle

A

Pectoralis major

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26
Q

Short fascicles in relation to total muscle length

A

Pennate

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27
Q

Tendon extends nearly entire length of muscle

A

Pennate

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28
Q

Term that means feather-like appearance

A

Pena

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29
Q

Fascicles anchor only on one side of the tendon

A

Unipennate

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30
Q

Example of a unipennate

A

Extensor digitorum longus

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31
Q

Fascicles on both sides of tendons

A

Bipennate

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32
Q

Example of a bipennate

A

Rectus femoris

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33
Q

Fascicles insert on multiple tendons towards a common tendon

A

Multipennate

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34
Q

Example of a multipennate

A

Deltoid

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35
Q

Ways as to how muscles are named

A
  • Shape
  • No. of heads
  • Points of attachment
  • Direction of fibers
  • Size of muscles
  • Function

Ns PDFs

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36
Q

Naming muscles according to shape

A
  • Deltoid
  • Trapezius
  • Serratus Anterior
  • Rhomboid
  • Orbicularis
  • Pectinate/ Pectineus Muscle
  • Piriformis
  • Platys/ Platysma
  • Quadratus Femoris
  • Gracillis Muscle

STOP QR PGPD

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37
Q

Shape of deltoid muscle

A

Triangular

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38
Q

Shape of trapezius muscle

A

Trapezoid

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39
Q

Shape of serratus anterior

A

saw-toothed

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40
Q

Shape of rhombus muscle

A

rhomboid

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41
Q

Shape of obicularis muscles

42
Q

Shape of pectinate muscle

43
Q

Shape of piriformis muscles

A

Pear-shaped

44
Q

Shape of platysma

45
Q

Shape of quadratus femoris

46
Q

Shape of the gracillis muscle

47
Q

Muscles according to number of heads

A
  • Biceps (ex. biceps brahii)
  • Triceps (ex. triceps brachii)
  • Quadriceps (ex. quadriceps femoris)
48
Q

Brachii

49
Q

ceps

50
Q

Muscles of attachment sites

A

Origin
Insertion

51
Q

Origin vs insertion

A

ORIGIN
- Point of attachment that do not move when muscles contract
- More stationary when contraction occurs

INSERTION
- Point of attachment that moves
- Moves toward the origin bone when the muscle shortens

52
Q

Muscle categories of the head and neck

A
  • Muscles of tfacial expression
  • Muscles of mastication
  • Muscles of the neck that move the head
53
Q

Provides us with the ability to express a wide variety of emotions

A

Muscles of facial expression

54
Q

Muscles of facial expression origin and insertion

A

Origin: Skull
Insertion: Skin

55
Q

Muscles of facial expression

A

Scalp muscles
- Occipitofrontalis

Mouth muscles
- Orbicularis oris
- Zygomaticus major and minor
- Levator labii superioris
- Depressor labii inferioris
- Buccinator
- Mentalis
MOLD BZ

Orbit and eyebrow muscles
- Orbicularis oculi
- Corruagator Supercilii

56
Q

Draws the scalp anteriorly and posteriorly

A

Occipitofrontalis

57
Q

Two parts of the occipitofrontalis

A

Frontal belly (Forehead)
Occipital belly (back of head)

58
Q

Means “lips”

59
Q

Means “cheek”

60
Q

Chin protrudes lower lip

61
Q

Responsible for blinking

A

Orbicularis oculi

62
Q

Function of the corrugator supercilli

A

Draws the eyebrows (ex. angry expression)

63
Q

Means “eyebrows”

A

Supercilii

64
Q

Muscles that move the mandible

A

Muscles of mastication

65
Q

Muscles of mastication

A
  • Masseter
  • Temporalis
  • Medial Ptetygoid and Lateral Pterygoid
66
Q

Function of medial and laterial pterygoid

A

Protracts, depress, side to side movement

67
Q

Muscles of the neck that move the head

A

Sternocleidomastoid

68
Q

Function of the sternocleidomastoid

A

Flex, extend, and rotate head

69
Q

DIvisions of the sternocleidomastoid

A

Sterno → sternum
Cledio → clavicle
Mastoid → mastoid process of temporal bone

70
Q

Responsiblities of the muscles of the thorax

A
  • Helping us breathe
  • Moving the pectroal girdle
71
Q

Muscles responsible for helping us breathe

A
  • Diaphragm
  • External intercostal
  • Internal intercostal
72
Q

Increases/ decreases thoracic cavity

A
  • Diaphragm
  • External intercostal
  • Internal intercostal
73
Q

Means “ribs”

74
Q

Means “in between”

75
Q

Muscles of the thorax responsible for moving the pectoral girdle

A

Anterior
- Subclavius
- Pectoralis minor
- Serratus anterior

Posterior
- Trapezius
- Levator scapulae
- Rhomboid major and minor

76
Q

Compositions of the pectoral gridle

A

Scapula and clavicle

77
Q

Means “below”

78
Q

Means “clavicle”

79
Q

Means “chest/breast”

80
Q

Function of the levator scapulae

A

Elevates scapula

81
Q

Muscles that move the arm

A

Axial muscles
- Pectoralis major
- Latissimus dorsi

Scapular muscles
- Deltoid
- Subscapularis
- Supraspinatus
- Infraspinatus
- Teres major and minor
- Coracobrachialis
SIT CDS

82
Q

Means “spine of the scapula”

83
Q

Parts of the forearm

A

Radius and ulna

84
Q

Classifications of the muscles that move the forearm

A
  • Forearm flexors
  • Forearm extensors
  • Forearm pronators
  • Forearm supinators
85
Q

Forearm flexors

A
  • Biceps brachii
  • Brachialis
  • Brachioradialis
86
Q

Most powerful forearm flexor

A

Brachialis

87
Q

Forearm extensors

A

Triceps brachii

88
Q

Forearm pronators

A
  • Pronator teres
  • Pronator quadratus
89
Q

Forearm supinators

90
Q

How are abodminal muscles named?

A

Named according to the orientation of fibers

91
Q

Abdominal muscles

A
  • Rectus abdominis
  • External and internal oblique
  • Transversus abdominis
  • Quadratus lumborum
    QT(IE)R
92
Q

Orientation of muscle fascicles relative to the body’s midline

Parallel to vertical plane/ midline

93
Q

Orientation of muscle fascicles relative to the body’s midline

Diagonal to midline

94
Q

Orientation of muscle fascicles relative to the body’s midline

Perpendicular to midline

A

Transverse

95
Q

Muscles that move the femur

A
  • Gluteus maximus
  • Psoas major
96
Q

Largest muscle in the body

A

Gluteus muscle

97
Q

Means “buttocks”

98
Q

Thigh muscles are found in the thigh area, but moves what?

A

Femur, tibia, and fibula

99
Q

Thigh muscles

A
  • Quadriceps femoris
  • Sartorius
100
Q

Function of massester

A

Elevates mandible

101
Q

Function of temporalis

A

Retracts mandible

102
Q

Widest muscle

A

Latissimus dorsi

112L (9 decks)

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