Lesson 8- Structures of Nervous System/Nervous Flashcards
Most basic structural and functional component of nervous system
neuron
Conduct electrical impulses toward cell body
dendrites
Transmit electrical signals away from the cell body
axons
Insulates axon and keeps electrical current from migrating outside of neuron
myelin
Awareness of your body in space
proprioception
Receptors located in skin, in and around joints and muscles, and in inner ear
proprioceptors
Body relies on this for sensory info related to position of head in space and sudden changes in directional movement of head
vestibular system
Small holes
foramina
3 types of muscle
- skeletal
- smooth
- cardiac
Are skeletal muscles voluntary or involuntary?
voluntary
Are smooth muscles voluntary or involuntary?
involuntary
Are cardiac muscles voluntary or involuntary?
involuntary
Primary mover is known as an
agonist
Working against agonist
antagonist
Long strap like muscles, run parallel to long axis of muscle, weaker
longitudinal muscle
All muscle fibers insert onto one side of muscle, diagonally
unipennate muscle
Muscle fibers insert obliquely onto each side of tendon
bipennate muscle
Which type of muscle fiber? Slow twitch, large amounts of mitochondria, high amounts of myoglobin, resistant to fatigue, capable of sustaining aerobic metabolism, more efficient
Type I
Which type of muscle fiber? Fast twitch, small amounts of mito., limited capacity for aerobic metabolism, fatigue more easily than slow twitch, sustain effort for few seconds, largest and fastest
Type IIx
Which type of muscle fiber? Fast, fatigue resistant, used for strength/power activities, 3 mins for highly trained athletes
Type IIa
Sheets of connective tissue that hold muscle fibers together
fascaie
Fascia that encases entire muscle
epimysium
Bundles of muscle fibers grouped together
perymysium
Within pery. individual muscle fibers wrapped in fascia
endomysium
Protein filaments running parallel and extend lengthwise through cell
myofibrils
Dark bands containing myosin
A bands
Light bands containing actin
I bands
Functional contracting unit of skeletal muscles
sarcomeres
