Lesson 7: Fundamentals of Design

Question 1

• to create, fashion, execute, or construct according to plan; devise, contrive
• to conceive and plan out in the mind
• to have as a purpose, intend

Answer 1

design

Question 2

an important tool that enhances how you
communicate with other people. It serves to convey your
ideas in a way that is not only effective, but also beautiful.

Answer 2

graphic design

Question 3

where did historians trace the origins of graphic design?

Answer 3

early cave paintings from about 38,000 BC

Question 4

“design is intelligence made visible”

Answer 4

Alina Wheeler

Question 5

a straight one-dimensional figure that does not have a thickness, and it extends endlessly in both directions; the connection between two points

Answer 5

line

Question 6

where do we see lines in nature

Answer 6

tree branches, spider webs, and curving river

Question 7

where do we see lines in the manufactured world

Answer 7

wires, winding roads, and edges of buildings

Question 8

types of lines

Answer 8

• curved or straight
• vertical, horizontal, or diagonal
• thick or thin
• smooth or rough
• light or dark
• continuous or broken

Question 9

refer to the basic building blocks of any composition

Answer 9

elements of visual design

Question 10

The elements of design are the fundamental aspects of any visual
design which include

Answer 10

shape, color, space, form, line, value, and texture

Question 11

a 2-dimensional object (it is flat) It has height and width but no depth.

Answer 11

shape

Question 12

two types of shapes

Answer 12

geometric and organic shapes

Question 13

type of shapes that are regular and precise. They
can be measured.

Answer 13

geometric shapes

Question 14

type of shapes that are irregular

Answer 14

organic shape

Question 15

examples of geometric shapes

Answer 15

circles, squares, and rectangles

Question 16

examples of organic shapes

Answer 16

seashells, leaves, flowers

Question 17

in terms of shapes, an artwork is often made up of ____ and ____

Answer 17

positive and negative shapes

Question 18

usually the solid objects that the artist depicts

Answer 18

positive shapes

Question 19

are formed by the areas around or between the objects (the sky, grass, mountains)

Answer 19

negative shapes

Question 20

is three-dimensional. It has height, width AND depth

Answer 20

form

Question 21

form can be:

Answer 21

regular and precise or irregular and organic

Question 22

examples of things composed of forms

Answer 22

3D art (sculptures, architecture, and crafts)

Question 23

in 2D art, artists can only

Answer 23

create the illusion of form

Question 24

space creates ___

Answer 24

an illusion of depth

Question 25

In a 2-Dwork of art, space is limited to the

Answer 25

picture plane

Question 26

how do you create the illusion of depth using space?

Answer 26

by using color and/or value to make objects advance or recede

Question 27

refers to the lightness and darkness of a color.

Answer 27

value

Question 28

value is commonly known as:

Answer 28

shading of an object

Question 29

how do you make a drawing as realistic as possible using value?

Answer 29

show the full value range in the artwokr

Question 30

adding black to a color makes

Answer 30

shades

Question 31

adding white to a color makes

Answer 31

tints

Question 32

the tactile quality of a surface, such as rough, smooth, sticky, fuzzy, soft or slick.

Answer 32

texture

Question 33

texture can be ____ or _____

Answer 33

real or implied

Question 34

a type of texture that can be felt, such as a piece of sandpaper, a woven mat, or animal fur.

Answer 34

real texture

Question 35

illusion of texture created by an artist.

Answer 35

implied texture

Question 36

can also be symbolic, with meanings that change from culture to culture; can symbolize an object or thing such as blue for water and green for grass and the leaves of trees or it may symbolize an emotion or idea, such as red for love, yellow for fear and blue for sadness.

Answer 36

Color

Question 37

bright to dull (in terms of color)

Answer 37

intensity

Question 38

light to dark (in terms of color)

Answer 38

value

Question 39

a property of light

Answer 39

color

Question 40

how does color reflect into our eyes

Answer 40

the surface of an object absorbs certain wavelengths and reflects the one we see

Question 41

if all the wavelengths of light are absorbed, we identify the color as

Answer 41

black

Question 42

if all wavelengths of color are reflected, we see

Answer 42

white

Question 43

characteristics of color

Answer 43

hue, value, and intensity

Question 44

is actually the color we see

Answer 44

hue

Question 45

refers to the lightness and darkness of a hue.

Answer 45

value

Question 46

the brightness or dullness of a color

Answer 46

intensity

Question 47

three kinds of color

Answer 47

primary, secondary, and intermediate

Question 48

primary colors

Answer 48

red, yellow, and blue

Question 49

secondary colors

Answer 49

orange, green, and violet

Question 50

intermediate colors

Answer 50

red-orange, yellow-orange, yellow-green, blue-green, blue-violet, red-violet

Question 51

are used to create the rest of the colors on the color wheel.

Answer 51

primary colors

Question 52

how do you make a secondary color

Answer 52

mix two primary colors

Question 53

how do you make an intermediate color

Answer 53

mix a primary and secondary color

Question 54

three kinds of color schemes

Answer 54

complementary, monochromatic, and analogous

Question 55

color scheme created with two colors are located directly across from each other on the whee

Answer 55

complementary colors

Question 56

color scheme that makes use of only one hue and its tints and shades

Answer 56

monochromatic

Question 57

color scheme is made up of three or four colors that are adjacent on the color wheel.

Answer 57

analogous

Question 58

why do artists pair complementary colors together?

Answer 58

the area where they meet seems to vibrate

Question 59

what is another way to lessen the intensity of a color

Answer 59

adding a small amount of its complementary color

Question 60

colors that remind us of the sun or fire and can add a feeling of excitement, boldness or happiness to a work of art.

Answer 60

warm colors

Question 61

Warm colors make objects seem

Answer 61

larger and appear to advance in an artwork

Question 62

colors that remind us of lakes, distant mountains, sky and foliage and tend to be calm and restful.

Answer 62

cool colors

Question 63

cooll colors make objects seem

Answer 63

smaller and recede into the distance

Question 64

warm colors

Answer 64

red, orange, yellow

Question 65

cool colors

Answer 65

green, blue, violet

Question 66

the rules a designer must follow to create an effective and attractive composition.

Answer 66

principles of design

Question 67

The fundamental principles of design are

Answer 67

emphasis, balance, movement, pattern, repetition, rhythm, variety, and proportion

Question 68

the distribution of the visual weight of objects, texture, colors, and space that is evenly distributed on the screen. It places the parts of a visual in an aesthetically pleasing arrangement. It is also a reconciliation of opposing forces in a composition that results in visual stability.

Answer 68

Balance

Question 69

balance is a:

Answer 69

psychological sense of equilibrium

Question 70

calls attention to something in order to hold the viewers’ interest

Answer 70

emphasis

Question 71

makes an area in the design appear different in size, texture, shape or color to attract the viewer’s attention. The artist usually makes an area stand out by contrasting it with other areas.

Answer 71

emphasis

Question 72

emphasis is usually an

Answer 72

interruption of the pattern/movement of the viewers' eye

Question 73

guides the viewer’s eyes around the screen

Answer 73

movement

Question 74

the path the viewer’s eye takes through the work of art, often to focal areas. Such movement can be directed along lines, edges, shape and color within the work of art.

Answer 74

movement

Question 75

movement is a design element that operates in

Answer 75

the fourth dimension

Question 76

we can speak of movement as:

Answer 76

literal and compositional

Question 77

the repeating of an object or symbol all over the work of art

Answer 77

pattern

Question 78

works with pattern to make the work of art seem active.

Answer 78

repetition

Question 79

created when one or more elements of design are used repeatedly to create a feeling of organized movement.

Answer 79

rhythm

Question 80

___, ___, and ___ work together to create unity in an image

Answer 80

_pattern_, _repetition_, and _rhythm_

Question 81

deals with the relation of visual elements with one another.

Answer 81

proportion

Question 82

the feeling of unity created when all parts (sizes, amounts, or number) relate well with each other. It may refer to the relative size and scale of the various elements in a design.

Answer 82

proportion

Question 83

uses several design elements to draw a viewer’s attention

Answer 83

variety

Question 84

the complement of unity and is needed to create visual interest. It is the use of several elements of design to hold the viewer’s attention and to guide the viewer’s eye through and around the work of art. It may change the line’s thickness, the shape’s size, the color’s saturation, or a texture to smooth or rough.

Answer 84

variety

Question 85

variety means to

Answer 85

change the character of an element