lesson 6 - orca species concepts

Question 1

what are the four major mechanisms of evolution?

Answer 1

biological, morphological, ecological, phylogenetic

Question 2

what is species concept?

Answer 2

refers to the criteria and framework scientists use to define and identify what constitutes a species

Question 3

biological species concept

Answer 3

defines species as a groups that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring

Question 4

morphological species concept

Answer 4

could classify them as one species if their physical traits are not significantly different (size, shape, and structure)

Question 5

ecological species concept

Answer 5

defines species by their ecological role (diet, habitat, behavior)

Question 6

which species concept emphasizes shared, unique ancestry?

Answer 6

phylogenetic species concept

Question 7

is there a “correct” answer to whether the two price population are the same species or different species?

Answer 7

no, the answer depends on the species concept being applies, and multiple concepts may provide convincing evidence

Question 8

how are the Bigg’s (transient) orcas and Southern resident orcas similar?

Answer 8

both are led by females and both are “xenophobic”

Question 9

what is “xenophobic”

Answer 9

orca whales prefer to stay within their group and avoid mixing

Question 10

what are the main differences between Bigg’s and Southern resident orcas

Answer 10

big orcas: move between regions and are more broadly distributed
southern resident orcas: stay in specific coastal areas and have more restricted ranges

Question 11

why is it important to determine if Bigg’s and Southern resident orcas are the same species?

Answer 11

conservation: if they are different species, they may require separate needs (different diets, or habitats)
legal protections
ecological understanding: help scientists understand their roles in the ecosystem and how the interact with other species