Lesson 6-Endogenous and Exogenous Factors

Question 1

What contributes to a character of a place?

Answer 1

• Refers to the physical and human factors that help to distinguish it from another places

-character may be strongly linked to the natural resources and cultural features in the landscape and generally includes the people who occupy the place amnd where they have come from

Question 2

What are endogenous factors?

Answer 2

• Endogenous factors are those that originate internally and may include aspects of the site or land on which the place is built, such as height, relief, drainage, soil type, geology and the avalibility of the resource.
  -also include the demographic and economic characteristics of the area
  -when places start to grow, most only have one distinct function

Question 3

Endogenous factors affecting character of place-Physical geography

Answer 3

• (Floodplain or River valley, geology) Being located around the River Thames allowed London to become a trading hub, and eventually a capital

Question 4

Endogenous factors affecting character of place-Topography

Answer 4

• (Hills or mountains), can determine housing and road layouts

Question 5

Endogenous factors affecting character of place-Infrastructure

Answer 5

Heavily affects trade links.
e.g the M1 where many wherehouses and industries are found due to great access

Question 6

Endogenous factors affecting character-Demographic characteristics

Answer 6

Can increase diversity
-can influence the productivity of an area if its more youthful

Question 7

Endogenous factors affecting character-Built environment (Georgian, Edwardian, Victorian Modernist or high tech)

Answer 7

-can affect how the area is viewed and perceived

Question 8

Endogenous factors affecting character-Economic characteristics

Answer 8

Can affect the trade and economic growth of an area
-may mean that an area can globalise

Question 9

Endogenous factors affecting character-Land use

Answer 9

Can affect the diversity of the economy of an area

Question 10

Endogenous factors affecting Sheffield-Geology

Answer 10

Large coal opportunities in sheffield as its fine grain coal
Buildings made from a valuable ‘Yorkshire Sandstone’

Question 11

Endogenous factors affecting sheffield-Drainage Basin and Rivers

Answer 11

-Influenced early industry due to the transportation of goods and services
-large increased flood risk for Sheffield

Question 12

Endogenous factors affecting Sheffield-Green space

Answer 12

Provides access to a range of activities
-biking, climbing
-improved mental health/air quality
-Significant for rebranding image of sheffield to the ‘Outdoor city’
-greenest city in Europe

Question 13

Endogenous factors affecting sheffield-‘Northern’ sheffield

Answer 13

Industrial identity- working class
-connotations of deprivation, poor education

Question 14

Endogenous factors affecting Wath-Physical geography

Answer 14

Woodland may encourage people to be outside and play
-developing a positive sense of place

Question 15

Endogenous factors affecting Wath-Geology

Answer 15

Coal mines attracted people to migrate to wath, lead to the housing and infrastructure we see today

Question 16

Endogenous factors affecting wath-Topography

Answer 16

Flat> encourages housing, business

Question 17

Endogenous factors affecting wath-Rivers

Answer 17

River Dearne was canalised to help movement of coal along river to power stations and industry

Question 18

Endogenous factors affecting wath-Land use

Answer 18

the farms/ mines in previous times would have generated income for locals

Question 19

Endogenous factors affecting wath-Infrastructure

Answer 19

1) Large secondary and primary schools encourages families to the area- can be seen in the large estates e.g Manvers.

2) Cycle paths/Trans-Pennine Trail encourages people to cycle- people may pass Wath and Manvers. Links with Doncaster and Sheffield

3) Dearne Valley Parkway creates a business link to the M1

Question 20

Endogenous factors affecting Wath-Economic characteristics

Answer 20

Tertiary industries mainly-service sector businesses like Next, Capita and Royal Mail

Question 21

What are exogenous factors?

Answer 21

• Those that have an external cause of origin, thats caused by the impact of another place or the relation ship to another place
  -as areas develop exogenous factors become more important
  -e.g cheaper labour in China resulted in less manufacturing jobs in Sheffield

Question 22

How do exogenous factors link to global systems and global governance?

Answer 22

• Links to TNC’s as relationships to other places can be shown by the movement or flow of different things across space such as people, resources, money, investment and ideas

Question 23

What are the 4 categories of exogenous factors?

Answer 23

• Flow of people-Migrants or workers come from outside of a place to live or work
• Flow of money-Investment from a business based outside the area
• Flow of resources-Raw marerials, transport infrastructure
• Flow of ideas-Urban planners, architects, businesses and artists may bring ideas to shape and change a place

Question 24

Exogenous factors affecting Sheffield

Answer 24

• Trade links-The M1 links Sheffueld to London which increases inward investment
• Immigration-Jamaican Windrush Generation was a huge influx of working labour force that stimulated growth
• Funding-lack of trading bewteen foreign countries due to leaving EU>negative effect opn Lower Don Valley
• Globalisation-Manufacturing in china has led to dein dustrialisation
  -increased sense of homoginy and placlessness

Question 25

In the context of place, explain the meaning of ‘endogenous factors’ and ‘exogenous factors’ (4 marks)

Answer 25

-Define exogenous factors
>and example like wath and how its been influenced by coal

-Define exogenous factors
>and provide an example of one like Mcdonalds and KFC
>which can therefore lead to placelessness and homoginisation

Question 26

Analyse the extent to which endogenous factors are responsible for Bristol being named the best place to live in the UK (6 Marks)

Answer 26

Para 1-Endogenous factors definition>link to stem with an example and how its afffected the area

Para 2-Another endogenous factor in the stem which has affected the sense of place (e.g its affected livability and well-being)

Para 3-Exogenous factors>then give an example of one and how its relevant to the sense of place of Bristol