Lesson 6: Digital Security, Ethics, and Privacy: Avoiding and Recognizing Threats

Question 1

Protection from hostile forces that intend to compromise the normal state of being of something

Answer 1

Security

Question 2

Computer Security and Cybersecurity aims to preserve these three things (CIA):

Answer 2

Confidentiality of Data
Integrity of Data
Availability of Data

Question 3

The state of being safe from malicious actors

Answer 3

Security

Question 4

Any event or action that could cause a loss of or damage to computer or mobile device hardware, software, data, information, or processing ability

Answer 4

Risk

Question 5

______ is meant to be taken, while ________ is the holistic goal of every computer administrator / owner.

Answer 5

Risk…security

Question 6

An intentional breach of digital security often involves a deliberate act that is against the law

Answer 6

Cybercrime

Question 7

A formal and umbrella term for anyone who maliciously acts upon a computer system

Answer 7

Threat actors

Question 8

Individuals who want to attack computers but lack the knowledge and networks needed to do so

Answer 8

Script Kiddies

Question 9

Usually downloads pre-made hacking tools coded by other hackers

Answer 9

Script Kiddies

Question 10

A threat actor that breaks through a computer security without required permission

Answer 10

Hacker

Question 11

Someone who accesses a computer or network illegally but has the intent of destroying data, stealing information, or other malicious actions

Answer 11

Cracker

Question 12

Attacks a nation’s national computer systems, mostly power grids and tech infrastructure that comprises national security, to instill fear and insecurity

Answer 12

Cyberterrorists

Question 13

Threaten to expose confidential information, exploit a security flaw, or launch an attack that will compromise the organization’s network - if they are not paid a sum of money

Answer 13

Cyberextortionist

Question 14

A common way to trick people to entering their passwords and other info to websites controlled by threat actors

Answer 14

Phishing

Question 15

An Act Defining Cybercrime, Providing for the Prevention, Investigation, Suppression and the Imposition of Penalties Therefor and for Other Purposes

Answer 15

RA 10175 - Anti-Cybercrime Act of 2012

Question 16

Is the discovery, collection, and analysis of evidence found on computers and networks

Answer 16

Digital Forensics

Question 17

Involves the examination of media, program, data, and log files on computers, mobile devices, servers, and networks

Answer 17

Digital Forensics

Question 18

A contraction of the words “malicious” and “software”

Answer 18

Malware

Question 19

A general term for software that is intended to disrupt computer security

Answer 19

Malware

Question 20

Also called a zombie army

Answer 20

Botnets

Question 21

A group of compromised computers or mobile devices connected to a network, often used to attack other networks

Answer 21

Botnets

Question 22

Usually being used in:
• Automated Troll Farms
• Illegal Crypto Mining
• DDoS Attacks
• and many more that require intensive computing resources

Answer 22

Botnets

Question 23

A type of attack, usually on a server, that is meant to overload the server with network traffic so that it cannot provide necessary services

Answer 23

Denial of Server (DoS)

Question 24

When executed via botnets, DoS is called

Answer 24

Distributed DoS (DDoS)

Question 25

A program or set of instructions in a program that allows users to bypass security controls when accessing a program, computer, or network

Answer 25

Backdoor

Question 26

A technique intruders use to make their network or Internet transmission appear legitimate to a victim computer or network

Answer 26

Spoofing

Question 27

Make it look like a user uses a website safely, but deep inside the computer, malicious code is running that compromises the user’s network and information security

Answer 27

Spoofing

Question 28

Is a category of attacks that attempts to trick the victim into giving valuable information to the attacker

Answer 28

Social Engineering

Question 29

Relies on an attacker’s clever manipulation of human nature in order to persuade the victim to provide information or take actions

Answer 29

Social Engineering

Question 30

Detects and automatically takes action against malicious code that attempts to run through a computer

Answer 30

Antivirus

Question 31

Default Antivirus for Windows OS

Answer 31

Windows Defender

Question 32

Protects network resources from outsiders and to restrict employee’s access to sensitive data

Answer 32

Firewall

Question 33

Stop malicious intrusions before they attempt to affect your computer or network

Answer 33

Firewall

Question 34

A private, secure path across a public network that allows authorized users secure access to a company or other network

Answer 34

Virtual Private Networks (VPN)

Question 35

Help ensure that data is safe from being intercepted by unauthorized people by encrypting data as it transmits from a laptop, smartphone, or other mobile device

Answer 35

Virtual Private Networks (VPN)

Question 36

Prevent other users from accessing your computer by implementing access controls

Answer 36

Proper Access Controls

Question 37

Remove Guest User Profiles from your computer which could be a way in for an unknown user to upload malicious code in person/manually

Answer 37

Proper Access Controls

Question 38

If your data is backed up, threats of a cyberextortionist/cracker deleting the data won’t be a huge deal

Answer 38

Data Backups

Question 39

Perform backups regularly – a healthy frequency is 1 to 2 months

Answer 39

Data Backups

Question 40

Having a synced cloud storage even reduces the risk of data not being backed up

Answer 40

Data Backups

Question 41

A WiFi access point of the same name as the one existing in public

Answer 41

Avoid Evil Twins

Question 42

A period of time during which an individual refrains from using technology

Answer 42

Digital Detox

Question 43

1. Strong Passwords
2. Two-Factor Authentication
3. Biometrics
4. Captcha
5. Encryptions

Answer 43

Information Privacy