Lesson 10: Databases Flashcards
A ____________________ (DBMS) or database program is a software that allows you to create, access, and manage a database
database management system
A __________ is a field that uniquely identifies each record in a table, such as Student ID
primary key
__________ occurs when you store the same data in more than one place
Data redundancy
- Reduced data redundancy
- Improved data integrity
- Shared data
- Easier access
- Reduced development time
Advantages of database approach
A __________ extracts data from a database based on specified criteria, or conditions, for one or more fields
query
- Fields
- Records
- Tables
- Queries
- Forms
- Reports
Elements of a Database
- Text
- Numbers
- AutoNumber
- Currency
- Date
- Memo
- Yes/No
- Hyperlink
- Object
- Attachment
Common Data Types
Unique number automatically assigned by the DBMS to each added record, which provides a value that identifies the record (such as student ID)
AutoNumber
Also called BLOB (binary large object)
Object
A __________, sometimes called a repository, contains data about each table in the database and each field in those tables
data dictionary
__________ is the process of comparing data with a set of rules or values to determine if the data meets certain criteria
Validation
____________________ (SQL) is a popular query language that allows users to manage, update, and retrieve data
Structured query language
A __________ consists of simple, English-like statements that allow users to specify the data they want to display, print, store, update, or delete
query language
Most DBMSs include __________, a feature that has a graphical user interface to assist users with retrieving data
query by example (QBE)
A __________, also called a report generator, allows users to design a report on the screen, retrieve data into the report design, and then display or print the report.
report writer
A listing of activities that modify the contents of the database
Log
In a __________, also called forward recovery, the DBMS uses the log to reenter changes made to the database since the last save or backup
rollforward
In a __________, also called the backward recovery, the DBMS uses the log to undo any changes made to the database during a certain period
rollback
A backup plan in which changes are backed up as they are made
Continuous backup
__________ or nonrelational databases resolve many of the weaknesses of relational databases
NoSQL databases
__________ (also called key-value stores) create any number of key-value pairs for each record
Key-value databases
A __________ consists of two related items: a constant that defines the set (the key) and a variable that belongs to the set (the value)
key-value pair
____________________ (RDBMS) is a software program in which data is organized as a collection of tables, and relationships between tables are formed through a common field
Relational database managment system
__________ (DBaaS) means the DBMS runs on servers owned by a cloud provider, and users access the database remotely through a browser
Database as a service
An __________ is a database object that is created based on a field or combination of fields
index
A __________ is a series (or chain) of records stored in encrypted blocks across a network
blockchain
