Lesson 5, Chapter 2: Population Dynamics Flashcards
Understand the lesson
Fertility rate
a measure of a population’s ability to have children; knowing the fertility rate is useful for governments who want to know if their populations are growing, remaining stable, or declining
Population dynamics
how geographers study the trends in population growth or decline
crude birth rate (meaning, formula, and utility)
the number of births per 1000 people in a given year; (live births / population) x 1000; useful for predicting future population growth
total fertility rate (meaning and utility)
the average number of children one woman will have during her childbearing years (age 15 to 49); more accurate than CDR b/c it only considers the part of the population who can bear children
what does a country’s fertility rate signify?
its access to healthcare and medical services
meaning of higher TFR and lower TFR
higher TFR = worse access to healthcare; lower TFR = better access to healthcare
mortality rate
indicates a population’s rate of deaths
meaning of 2.1 TFR, 1.5 TFR, and 4.3 TFR
higher TFR = population growth (Africa); lower TFR = population decline (Europe); mid TFR (2.1) = stable population (USA)
crude death rate (meaning, formula, and utility)
the number of deaths per 1000 people; (number of deaths / population) x 1000; lower death rate means that people are living longer on average and vice versa
life expectancy
how long an average person is expected to live (scale matters)
infant mortality rate (meaning, formula, and utility)
measures the number of children who die before they reach the age of 1 per 1000 live births; (number of infant deaths / number of live births) x 1000; often a better indicator of a country’s access to healthcare than CDR; places with a higher infant mortality rate tend to have less access to healthcare services and vice versa
when do geographers use both the crude birth rate and crude death rate?
when they want to study changes in populations
RNI (formula and utility)
(crude birth rate - crude death rate) / 10 [note that when you plug in values to this expression, ignore the denominator of 1000 from the CBR and CDR]; if the RNI is positive, that indicates that the population is increasing; if the RNI is negative, then the population is declining
why may the RNI be inaccurate?
migration
doubling time (meaning and formula)
how long it will take for a given population to double given the current population; 70/RNI
