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Kimmy: Nervous System > LESSON 5 (C) > Flashcards

LESSON 5 (C) Flashcards

1
Q

-group of functionally related nuclei
-However, this is a misnomer because a ganglion is an aggregate of neuronal cell
bodies in the peripheral nervous system.

A

basal ganglia/basal nuclei

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2
Q

basal ganglia consist of:

A
  • globus pallidus
  • putamen
  • caudate nucleus
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3
Q
  • nearer to thalamus
A

globus pallidus

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4
Q
  • nearer to the cerebral cortex
A

putamen

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5
Q

has a large “head” with a smaller “tail” with a comma-shaped “body

A

caudate nucleus

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6
Q
  • the globus pallidus and putamen are referred to as the
A

lentiform nucleus

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7
Q
  • the lentiform nucleus and caudate nuclei are known as the
A

corpus striatum

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8
Q
  • largest nucleus in the basal ganglia
    -refers to the striated (striped) appearance of the internal capsule as it passes among the basal nuclei
A

corpus striatum

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9
Q
  • (midbrain)
  • functionally connected to the basal nuclei
A

substantia nigra

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10
Q
  • responsible for the control of
    fine motor movement.
A

dopamine

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11
Q

-consists of olfactory cortex, certain deep portions of the cerebrum & diencephalon

A

limbic system

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12
Q

components of limbic system:

A
  • amygdala
  • hippocampus
  • septal area
  • cingulate gyrus
  • hypothalamus
  • mammillary body
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13
Q
  • center of emotional responses. Examples of major affective responses are: friendship, love and affection, expression of mood, fear, rage and aggression.
A

amygdala

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14
Q
  • involved in long-term memory
A

hippocampus

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15
Q
  • where the centers of orgasm are found. Associated with different kinds of pleasant sensation, mainly those related to sexual experiences.
A

septal area

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16
Q
  • involved in conscious manifestations of emotion
A

cingulate gyrus

17
Q
  • pleasure center. Involved in stress responses
A

hypothalamus

18
Q
  • involved in olfactory memory
A

mammillary body

19
Q

Functions of Limbic System:

A

a. Responds to olfactory stimulation by initiating responses necessary for survival
such as thirst & hunger
b. Influences emotions, visceral responses to emotions, motivation & mood

20
Q

-means little brain
-second largest portion of the brain located posterior to medulla and pons
-consists of nuclei & nerve tracts

A

cerebellum

21
Q

Functions of cerebellum:

A
  1. Maintains balance/ equilibrium & posture
  2. Coordinates subconscious movements of skeletal muscles
  3. Predicts future position of the body during a particular movement
  4. Maintains muscle tone & coordination of fine motor movement
  5. Assumes role in emotional development, modulating sensations of anger & pleasure, allowing normal emotional expression & interpretation
22
Q
  • it serves as a LARGE NERVE CABLE that connects the BRAIN to the different parts
    of the body
A

spinal cord

23
Q

Forms a continuous structure from the medulla & ends at the 1stLumbar/2nd Lumbar vertebrae exiting the cranium thru an opening known as the _______

A

foramen magnum

24
Q

Nerve Roots leave the spine through openings in between each vertebra known as _______

A

NEURAL FORAMINA

25
Q
  • functions in the impulse conduction & processing of information in a limited manner
A

SPINAL CORD

26
Q

how long is the spinal cord

A

18 inches or 45 cm

27
Q

how wide is the spinal cord

A

1/2 inch or 14 mm

28
Q

PARTS OF THE SPINAL CORD: (cross section)

A
  • central gray portion/matter
  • peripheral white portion/matter
29
Q
  • a collection of neuron cell bodies
    -shaped like a letter H, with posterior & anterior horns; small lateral horns exist in
    levels of the cord associated with the ANS
A

central gray portion

30
Q
  • consists of myelinated axons
    -organized into 3 columns:
    a. Posterior/dorsal columns- contain somatic & autonomic sensory nuclei
    b. Anterior/ventral columns- contain cell bodies of somatic neurons & motor
    nuclei which provide nerve impulses for contraction of skeletal muscles
    c. Lateral columns- cell bodies of autonomic motor neurons
    -present only in the thoracic, upper lumbar & sacral
    Segments of the cord
    *Each column consists of ascending & descending tracts
A

peripheral white portion

Kimmy: Nervous System (8 decks)

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