Lesson 4 - Infection control Flashcards
What type of precaution is used with patients known or suspected to have serious illnesses transmitted by air borne droplet nuclei?
Airborne infection isolation precautions
What are infectious agents carried in the blood?
Blood borne pathogens (BBP)
What type of transmission is the spread of infection by airborne droplet nuclei or by dust particles that contain microorganisms?
Airborne Transmission
What is the continuous link among the infection source, the means of transmission, and the susceptible host?
Chain of infection
What is transmission by means of contaminated items such as food, water, medications, devices, & equipment?
Common vehicle transmission
What is the type of precaution a medical professional should use for patients suspected or having a serious illness that can be spread by direct contact with the patient or items within their vicinity?
Contact precautions
What is the type of transmission where the transfer of microorganisms from an infected person to a susceptible host occurs through body to body or body to surface contact with a contaminated object?
Contact transmission.
Particles smaller than 5 um that remain in the air for long periods
Droplet nuclei
What is the type of precaution a medical professional should take for patient known to have serious illnesses transmitted by large particle droplets?
Droplet precautions
What is the type of transmission caused by spread of infection through airborne droplets?
Droplet transmission
What are the type of precautions a medical professional must take when dealing with patients with a highly transmissible pathogen?
Expanded precautions
What is the type of plan used when outlining all procedures and policies for preventing the spread of infection?
Exposure control plan
What is a contaminated object called?
Hint: starts with an “F”
Fomite
What is the type of infection contracted by a patient during their hospital stay?
Healthcare associated infections
Which virus causes liver failure, liver disease and can be spread through human bodily fluids or blood?
Hepatitis B virus
What virus causes AIDS (autoimmune deficiency syndrome)?
HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)
What is an invasion of a microorganism that grows and causes disease in the human body?
Infection
What is the separation of an infected source from spreading to susceptible hosts also known to break the chain of infection?
Hint: “SEPARATION”
Isolation
An infection caught during a hospital stay
Nosocomial infection
What are infectious organisms called?
Pathogens
What is sepsis?
A bacterial infection
Give a list of 6 PPE (personal protective equipment) items
- gloves - water resistant gown - face mask - face shield - hair net - foot booties/covers
When is a protective environment used?
When an immunocompromised patient needs to be isolated to prevent exposing them to new infections
When is a protective environment used?
When an immunocompromised patient needs to be isolated to prevent exposing them to new infections
What is a reservoir?
A person who carries an infectious agent without showing symptoms (i.e. COVID-19)
Contact precautions only require Standard Precautions: hand hygiene and gloves True or false?
False , they require gloves and a surgical gown.
Hand hygiene by using proper hand washing or an alcohol based agent is the most effective means of preventing infection. True or false?
True
Which type of transmission represents contact with a contaminated object?
Direct contact or blank transmission
When a phlebotomist does not wear gloves while having contact with a patient which part of the chain of infection does this represent?
Mode of transmission
If a patient is isolated for having TB (tuberculosis) with airborne precautions which type of PPE needs to be used before entering the room?
N95 Respirator mask
What is considered indirect contact?
Touching a contaminated surface
What is considered indirect contact?
Touching a contaminated surface
What is the ratio of using 10% bleach to water when mixing a solution to clean a potentially infectious spill?
1:10
1 part bleach, 10 parts water
How long should the bleach solution remain in contact with the potentially infectious spill?
20-30 minutes
What refers to infection control by using barrier protection and work place practice controls?
Standard precautions
What PPE should be used by the medical professional when entering a room with a droplet precaution isolated patient?
A face mask
