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UTS > Lesson 4 > Flashcards

Lesson 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Conducted scientific investigations in an effort to understand the self and have developed theories and difference among them.

A

Western Thoughts

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2
Q

They emphasized the importance of scientific method to provide a satisfactory answer in identifying the self.

A

Western Thoughts

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2
Q

The emphasis is individualistic rather than relational.

A

Western Thoughts

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2
Q

The distinction of cultures and people in the Eastern Perspective is Collectivist.

A

Eastern Thoughts

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3
Q

Raised questions about the ultimate meaning of human life.

A

Eastern Thoughts

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4
Q

Developed theories of self as they have investigated what it means to be a human being.

A

Eastern Thoughts

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5
Q

aim at transformations in:

A

Consciousness
Emotions
One’s relationship with the world
Feelings

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5
Q

Founded by ____ or known as ____

A

Siddhartha Gautama, buddha
BUDDHISM

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6
Q

Buddhism comes from the root word ____ which means ______.

A

budh, awake

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7
Q

Believes that every person has a seed on enlightenment.

A

Buddhism

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8
Q

Denies the existence of a separate soul, self, or atman

A

Buddhism

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9
Q

The concept of anatta often defines as ___, simply means that this self cannot have any existence except in terms of the interconnected net of causal conditions that made their existence possible.

A

“no-self”, or “non-self”

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10
Q

A human being is made up of five aggregates (called ______) of functions namely:

A

Khandas or Skandhas

Matter
Sensation
Perception
Mental formations
Consciousness.
MSPMC

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11
Q

The doctrine of Anatta (no self) does not negate the person, rather it empowers the individual by erasing the boundaries of separateness that limit the personal ego or self.

A

Buddhism

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12
Q

Anicca literally means

A

impermanence

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13
Q

The goal is to become an interconnected integral part of the universe.

A

Buddhism

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14
Q

Goals in Hinduism:

1) bring the individual person to the realization that he is ___, but rather a ____1 (Brahman-Atman), and

A

not a separate being, partaker of the great SELF

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14
Q

This is the realization known as enlightenment, the emergence of the big SELF, which is boundless.

A

Buddhism

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15
Q

To begin the work of building or restoring a strong sense of self, one must begin by befriending the self through the inner work of meditation and mindfulness.

A

Buddhism

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15
Q

The ideal is to experience ___

A

nirvana (highest form of happiness)

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16
Q

Research have shown that mindfulness meditation practices bring about positive significant effects in improving active growth and well-being, changing self-knowledge and the mode for self-referential processing.

A

Buddhism

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17
Q

Engaging in mindfulness meditation practices especially over long period of time is closely associated with ___. such as non-attachment (acceptance), and becoming more compassionate to the self and

A

increases in positive self-attitudes equally so to others (Buddhism)

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18
Q

Empowering the individual through developing a ____

A

mindful self (Buddhism)

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19
Q

is linked to Hinduism’s view of God

A

Atman

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19
Q

All living beings have an “inner-most self” called

A

ATMAN (a Sanskrit word)

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19
Q

____ is connected to the _____ which is the one ___ that brings unity to the universe. Because of this connection to Brahman, this “innermost self” becomes the “absolute self” or the Brahman-Atman

A

ATMAN, Brahman (ultimate reality), Divine Principle

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20
Q
  1. attain detachment from self-desires and wants, and to become one with the ___
    **Hence, Brahman-Atman is attained.
A

Great Self (universal self).

21
Q

Closely involved with the Hindu doctrine of reincarnation which means that when a person dies, a person is reborn as another being in the future.

A

KARMA HINDUISM

21
Q

Rituals of Purification to attain BRAHMAN-ATMAN

A

KARMA
SAMSARA

22
Q

Reincarnation happens when the Atman (Soul) leaves its material receptacle (body) and finds another material receptacle to reside on in another life cycle.

A

transmigration of the soul

23
Q

Cycle or wheel of birth-death-rebirth.

A

Samsara

24
Q

An Atman that has not achieved the sufficient level of enlightenment and detachment from material goods and pleasures will be reborn again and again in different material receptacles. The goal of spiritual practice is to end this cycle and stop the wheel of Samsara.

A

Samsara

25
Q

The man of virtue must be watchful over himself when he is alone” which means that the private self should not be discrepant with the public self. Incongruence signifies disharmony.

A

Confucianism

25
Q

is the experience of momentous release or liberation (salvation) from the seemingly never-ending cycle of birth-death-rebirth.

A

Moksha

26
Q

The famous quote, “Don’t do unto others what you don’t want done unto you.”

A

Confucianism

26
Q

This is the aim of serious spiritual practitioners: to achieve moksha within their lifetime.

A

Moksha

27
Q

If Moksha is achieved, the Atman does not look for a material receptacle to reside on and unites with the Brahman-atman, the principle of all life in the universe.

A

Moksha

28
Q

learning to be human - broadening and deepening of thought and being that acknowledges the interconnectedness of all the modalities of existence

A

Confucianism

29
Q

___ is an ethic governing human relationships.

A

Confucianism

30
Q

___ is anchored in interpersonal relationships

A

Confucian selfhood

31
Q

Confucius was insistent on the need for examining oneself from within on a daily basis and even in the absence of other

A

Confucianism

32
Q

The “golden law”- two principles simply means,
is “doing one’s utmost” and “fully realizing the self”.

A

Loyalty

33
Q

means, “putting one in the other’s shoes”, “extending the self”

A

Reciprocity

34
Q

The ___ is something that is formed through upbringing and the environment

A

self

35
Q

Four beginnings of self

A

Jen
Yi
Li
Chih

36
Q

heart of wisdom

A

Chih

36
Q

heart of compassion

A

Jen

36
Q

__ is achieved through moral excellence

A

Personality (Confucianism)

37
Q

heart of propriety

A

Li

37
Q

heart of righteousness

A

Yi

38
Q

The goal of ___ is to bring human beings into union with the Tao (The Way) by imitating certain qualities in nature such as harmony and fluidity.

A

Taoism

39
Q

The Way”, it prizes the values of individual life reflected in the two core topics of longevity and immortality.

A

Taoism

40
Q

insists that human life is of the highest value, a worthy goal for people to pursue forever.

A

Taoism

41
Q

Taoism believes that human beings can control their lives through self-exercise and moral behavior.

A
41
Q

Human fulfillment lies in harmonizing with the Tao, which is generally conceived as patterns in nature (relationship between human beings and nature)

A
42
Q

Tao is the unique source of the universe and determines all things that everything in the world is composed of positive and negative parts.

A
43
Q

When selflessness is attained, the distinction between “I” and “other” disappears and one may then act with complete spontaneity.

A
43
Q

Selfhood entails conscious self-transformation leading to the embodiment of “sageliness within and kingliness without”.

A
44
Q

To embrace the “Way of Nature” and the “Way of Life”.
Three Significant Processes

A

Wu Wei or non-action
Longevity and Chi
Yin-Yang

45
Q
  1. -adopt simplicity of lifestyle
A

Wu Wei or non-action

45
Q

“to live the longest possible natural life by living in harmony with one’s social and natural environment which can be achieved through self-cultivation and internal alchemy (common may be transformed into something precious.)

A

Longevity and Chi

46
Q

are complementary; the Yang moves upward, represents the heavens, and therefore “pure and light”, while the Yin flows downward, forms the earth, and so “turbid and heavy

A

Yin-Yang

47
Q

(oneness of Yin and Yang) to understand psychological activities and experiences involves recognizing a special interdependence of objective events, as well as with the subjective (psychic) states of the observer or observers.

A

Unity of Opposites

48
Q

yin

A

negative

49
Q

yang

A

positive

UTS (6 decks)

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