LESSON 4:

Question 1

masonry techniques

Answer 1

• folded’ stone corner
• metal ‘block-ties’
• quarry marks - (splitting stone)
• moving large stones
• extreme masonry
• vitrified stone (vitrification)
• maneuvering protuberances’
• mortise and tenon joins
• concrete in ancient structures
• drilling in prehistory
• the specific selection of stone

Question 2

several structures show the blocks cut with an integral angle, so as to fold the stone around corners. it is suggested. that this was incorporated as an earthquake ‘preventative’

Answer 2

folded corners

Question 3

there are several stones with this desig n feature (folded corners) found in the ?

Answer 3

Valley-Temple, Ghiza, Egypt

Question 4

stones have been cut so as to continue only a short distanced around the corner which hints at the idea that the style might have been involved

Answer 4

folded corners
Valley-Temple, Ghiza, Egypt

Question 5

it is often suggested that this design feature was incorporated into constructions as an earthquake preventative. the fact that the constructions exist in such a good condition after so long, in itself supports the idea

Answer 5

multi facetted stones

Question 6

while the Egyptian followed horizontal plane, the south american are polygonal, apparently following neither vertical nor horizontal planes, a process which would require a considerable high level of technical skill

Answer 6

multi facetted stones

Question 7

the ____ of south america is probably the finest the world has ever seen

Answer 7

inca masonry

Question 8

one of the 300 ahu platforms surrounding ________. made of basalt and with blocks several tons each, the style of masonry shows a stark similarity to south american masonry

Answer 8

easter island

Question 9

another construction feature commonly suggested as an earthquake preventative is the means used to join huge blocks togeteher.

Answer 9

metal block-ties

Question 10

it is believed that copper (or silver) was used at _______, both of which are soft metals.

Answer 10

tiahuanaco

Question 11

some examples of old-world

Answer 11

egypt and cambodia

Question 12

examples of metal block-ties

Answer 12

angkor watt, karnak, denderra

Question 13

some examples from new-world

Answer 13

tiahuanaco and ollantaytambo

Question 14

it has been suggested that these ties were employed to ground structures properly (often made of conducting quartzite)

Answer 14

metal block-ties

Question 15

the megalithic builders employed the same method of splitting quartz, at different locations all around the world

Answer 15

quarry-marks (for splitting stone)