Lesson 3: The Logic of Terms - Simple Apprehension & Definition of Terms Flashcards

1
Q

The process of grasping or abstracting the essence of a thing without affirming or denying anything about it

A

Simple apprehension

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2
Q

The mental product of simple apprehension

A

Idea

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3
Q

The verbal or external manifestation of an idea

A

Term

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4
Q

Idea is derived from the Greek word “_______” which means image

A

eidos

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5
Q

It is defined as the representation of the ______ of a thing in the mind

A

essence

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6
Q

There is nothing in the _____ that doesn’t pass first through the senses

A

intellect

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7
Q

A term is:

A
  1. A sign
  2. A conventional sign
  3. Expressive of an idea
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8
Q

It is something that leads to the knowledge of something else

A

A sign

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9
Q

It is defined as a conventional sign that is expressive of an idea

A

Term

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10
Q

Term is a ___________ sign if the connection is arbitrarily set by man such as terms, language, and writing

A

conventional

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11
Q

Since idea is ______, it is made concrete through the use of terms

A

abstract

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12
Q

When terms have more than one meaning, there will be misconceptions unless the terms are properly ________

A

defined

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13
Q

The verbal manifestation of the meaning or comprehension of an idea is called ______

A

definition

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14
Q

From the Latin word ‘definiere’, which means “______”

A

to set the limits

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15
Q

Term to be defined

A

Definiendum

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16
Q

Defining term; the word or group of words used to define

A

Definiens

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17
Q

Purpose of Definition

A
  1. To increase one’s vocabulary
  2. To minimize or eliminate ambiguity or vagueness
  3. To set a theoretical framework
  4. To influence attitudes
18
Q

Expresses what the name means, not what the thing is

A

Nominal definition

19
Q

Indicates the meaning of a term by showing or pointing at the object

A

Ostensive definition

20
Q

Gives the same connotation of the term

A

Synonymous definition

21
Q

Gives the origin of the word

A

Etymological definition

22
Q

Tells us what the thing is; digs deeper into the nature of a thing

A

Real definition

23
Q

Definition that is constructed by genus and specific difference

A

Essential definition

24
Q

“Man is a rational animal.”

A

Essential definition

25
Q

Gives the more notable characteristics of a thing

A

Non-essential definition

26
Q

Proper set of characteristics; set of formal features, the properties, and origin of the object

A

Descriptive definition

27
Q

Gives the natural characteristics of a thing that follows necessarily from the essence of a thing; (definition by description properties)

A

Distinctive definition

28
Q

Furnished the mode of origin of a thing; describes how something is produced

A

Genetic definition

29
Q

Describes a thing by its efficient, final, material, or formal cause

A

Causal definition

30
Q
  1. Efficient Cause
  2. Final Cause
  3. Material Cause
  4. Formal Cause
A

Causal definition

31
Q

Identifies producer

A

Efficient Cause

32
Q

Identifies purpose

A

Final Cause

33
Q

Identifies the material

A

Material Cause

34
Q

Identifies the form

A

Formal Cause

35
Q

Explains a thing by giving characteristics that are contingently connected with it

A

Accidental definition

36
Q
  1. Clarity
  2. Adequacy
  3. Positive
  4. Brief
A

Rules of a Good Definition

37
Q

A definition should avoid vagueness and ambiguity

A

Clarity

38
Q

Violations of Clarity:

A
  1. Obscure Definition
  2. Figurative Definition
39
Q

Violations of Adequacy:

A
  1. Too narrow
  2. Too broad
40
Q

Violation of Positive Definition:

A

A definition states what a thing is, not what it is not

41
Q

Violations of Brief Definitions:

A
  1. Use of the defined term as part of its definition
  2. Gives little or no information at all