Lesson 2: Introduction to Logic

Question 1

Logic is etymologically derived from the Greek word ______.

Answer 1

logos

Question 2

It means “spoken word”, “speech”, or “reason”.

Answer 2

Logos

Question 3

The actual name logic was introduced by the Greek philosopher Zeno through his use of the term _____.

Answer 3

logike

Question 4

It means “discourses of thinking” or “treatise on thought”.

Answer 4

Logike

Question 5

Since Aristotle was the first thinker to have devised a logical system, he was known to be the _______.

Answer 5

Founder of Logic

Question 6

Logic is formally defined as the science and art of correct _____.

Answer 6

reasoning

Question 7

Logic is a ______ because it consists of systematized and certain knowledge of the principles which govern correct thinking.

Answer 7

science

Question 8

Logic is an _____ because it directs the reasoning process in order that man may acquire knowledge of the truth in an orderly way, with ease and without error.

Answer 8

art

Question 9

The _________________ is for us to attain clarity in our thoughts and validity in our process of inference.

Answer 9

purpose of logic

Question 10

The __________________ of logic includes reasoning, arguments, and the drawing of inferences.

Answer 10

focus of attention

Question 11

The ________________ of logic is to distinguish between good and bad reasoning and between correct and incorrect arguments.

Answer 11

main specific task

Question 12

The first activity of the logician is the _______ of arguments which involves the determination between an argument and a non-argument.

Answer 12

analysis

Question 13

The second activity of logicians is the _______ of the arguments into types and subtypes which includes the distinction between deductive and inductive arguments.

Answer 13

classification

Question 14

A _______ argument involves the process of argumentation by which we conclude from a universal proposition to a less universal (singular or particular) proposition.

Answer 14

deductive

Question 15

An argument is _________ when it involves the process of argumentation by which we conclude from a less universal (singular or particular) proposition to a universal proposition.

Answer 15

inductive

Question 16

The last activity of the logician is the _________ of arguments which involves the determination of the correctness and incorrectness of certain arguments.

Answer 16

assessment

Question 17

Understanding the principles of logic will enable us to minimize the likelihood of being ________ by the faulty arguments of others.

Answer 17

deceived

Question 18

Understanding the principles of logic enhances our ability to clarify our _______.

Answer 18

beliefs

Question 19

Understanding the principles of logic may aid us in our quest for ______.

Answer 19

knowledge

Question 20

Knowledge of the methods and principles of logic is very important because knowledge is better than _______.

Answer 20

ignorance

Question 21

Symbolic logic, as a division of logic, is also known as _________ logic.

Answer 21

mathematical

Question 22

Aristotelian logic is also known as _________ logic.

Answer 22

traditional

Question 23

_________ logic may be further divided into formal logic and material logic.

Answer 23

Aristotelian

Question 24

_______ logic is concerned with the rules governing the structure and validity of argument forms or patterns.

Answer 24

Formal

Question 25

_______ logic is concerned with the meaning and truth of the concept and sentences, which comprise a syllogism.

Answer 25

Material

Question 26

____________ is the act of the mind that involves the grasping of an idea or an essence of a thing without affirming or denying something about it.

Answer 26

Simple apprehension

Question 27

________ is the act of the mind that involves affirming or denying something of something else by way of subject predicate connection.

Answer 27

Judgment

Question 28

Threefold division of formal logic

Answer 28

1. Logic of ideas or concepts or terms
2. Logic of proposition
3. Logic of arguments

Question 29

Proceeding to new knowledge from previous knowledge.

Answer 29

Reasoning