Lesson 3: Rocks and Minerals Flashcards
rock that is hot
enough to the point of being
molten
Magma
igneous rock that forms within crust; centuries – millions of years to form
Intrusive
igneous rock that forms above surface; seconds to years to form
Extrusive
Part of bedrock exposed at the
surface.
Outcrop
The smaller particles from the rocks after
weathering, erosion, transportation, and deposition
process
Sediments
Unless they are moved, they will be buried by
more sediments. At depths of hundreds of meters, they are compressed and cemented.
Sedimentary rocks
Rocks that are buried deeper and heated up, squeezed
Metamorphic rocks
the process of bringing material buried under the surface onto the surface
Uplift
Getting material into deeper depths
Burial
Process involved in breaking
down rocks and transferring to another place until it settles in a place
Weathering, erosion, transportation, and deposition
Come from magma
Igneous rock
Can form from metamorphic rocks
Magma
Can come from any kind of rock as long as they are buried deep enough to experience great temperature and pressure
Metamorphic rock
Inorganic materials and occur as solids
Minerals
Minerals are arranged in a certain form (referred to as its _)
lattice
The color of the mineral in its powdered form
Streak
Not the most reliable way to describe minerals by itself
Color
The way a mineral reflects light
Luster
Measure of ability to scratch or be scratched by another.
Hardness
It is used to determine how hard a
mineral is by scratching it against reference minerals.
Moh’s Scale of Hardness
The way a mineral breaks along a plane easily and smoothly based on its lattice.
Cleavage
The mineral’s plane of breakage
Cleavage plane
The way a mineral will break if there are no cleavage planes.
Fracture
Mass/Volume of a mineral.
Density
the density multiplied by g (9.81) to transform mass into
weight.
Specific Gravity
