Lesson 2: Earth Structure Flashcards
Mainly iron
Core
Even though the inner core is hotter than the
outer core, it remains solid due to
the _________
Pressure it experiences
Comprised of Iron and Magnesium Silicate minerals
Mantle
A big part of the mantle is solid rock (starting outside the outer core) but it is _____ in nature such that it can flow gradually
Plastic
partially molten layer of the mantle
Astenosphere
Rigid layer of the mantle
Rigid Mantle
Mainly Granite and Basalt
Crust
95% igneous and metamorphic rock with the remaining being sedimentary rock.
Crust
in the crust, the sedimentary rock is dominated by
Mudstone
Crust + Rigid outermost Mantle
Litosphere
Type of division : contents/composition of
each layer
Chemical
Type of division :state of each layer
Mechanical
Crust
Chemical
Mantle
Chemical
Core
Chemical
Litosphere
Mechanical
Asthenosphere
Mechanical
Inner core
Mechanical
Outer Core
Mechanical
Mesosphere
Mechanical
The layer surrounding the outer core that is relatively solid compared to the layer above
Mesosphere
Volume of core
16.1%
volume of mantle
82.5%
Volume of crust
1.4%
the way temperature increase as one goes deeper into the Earth
Geothermal Gradient
Temperature increase with depth: ______ from surface to center of core.
0⁰C to ~7000⁰C
The rate of increase is _ for every km while in the crust.
30⁰C
heat tends to transfer from _ to _
an area of higher temperature , an area of lower temperature
heat transfer creates _ in the mantle
convection cells
New Lithosphere forms
Upward
Plates diverge
Upward
One plate subducts into the mantle beneath the other
Downward
Plates converge
Downward
