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Mani/Pedi > Lesson #3 > Flashcards

Lesson #3 Flashcards

1
Q

List the parts underneath the nail

A

Nail bed

Nail matrix

Lunula

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2
Q

Nail bed

A

The portion of the skin where the nail body rests

Secures the nail to the toes and finger

Supplied with blood vessels which provide nourishment for growth of the nail

Supplied with nerves

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3
Q

Nail matrix

A

Extends beneath the nail root

Contains nerves, lymph and blood

Produces nail cells and controls the rate of growth of the nail; cells undergo a reproducing and hardening process

The matrix grows as long as it remains in a healthy condition

Injury to the matrix may cause deformation in the nail or prevent growth

The “heart” of the nail where special skin cells are formed to make the nail plate

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4
Q

Lunula

A

The visible half moon

This is where the matrix connects with the nail bed

The pale colour is due to lessened blood supply in the area

Exists in varying degrees in all the nails

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5
Q

List the parts of the skin of the nail

A

CUTICLE:

  • eponychium
  • hyponychium
  • perionychium

SOLE HORN

NAIL MANTLE

LATERAL NAIL FOLD

NAIL GROOVE

ONYCHONDERMAL BAND

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6
Q

Cuticle

A

The overlapping part of the epidermidis around the nail creating a fold

Protects the nailbed and prevents particles from entering under the nail plate

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7
Q

What does the cuticle consist of?

A

Eponychium

Hyponychium

Perionychium

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8
Q

Eponychium

A

The extension of the cuticle at the base of the nail body overlapping the lunula

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9
Q

Hyponychium

A

 The portion of the epidermis under the free edge

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10
Q

Perionychium

A

The part of the skin that surrounds the entire nail area

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11
Q

Sole horn

A

This type of cuticle is a layer of translucent, dead tissue

shared from the seal between the nail plate and the hyponychium

Sloughs off on its own or is removed during the manicure

This skin can become stained with nicotine or other chemicals and will have discolouration

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12
Q

Nail mantle

A

Soft tissue that protects the emerging nail plate

The nail root is embedded into the nail fold

It is the base of the mail where new cells are produced

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13
Q

Lateral nail fold

A

An extension of the proximal nail fold which protects each side of the nail plate

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14
Q

Nail groove

A

Grooves on either side of the nail bed which the nail grows on

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15
Q

ONYCHONDERMAL band

A

The seal between the nail plate and the hyponychium

Found just under the free edge and can be recognized by its glassy, greyish colour

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16
Q

What is the average rate of growth?

A

1 mm or less per day

Average adult

17
Q

Factors that affect the rate of growth

A

Varries from digit to digit

Age

Individual

Environmental temperature

Time of day

18
Q

The speed of growth is directly related to

A

The length of the digit

(The longer the finger the faster the nail growth)

Possibly due to blood supply and activity of the area

19
Q

Fastest growing nail

A

Middle finger nail

20
Q

Slowest growing nail

A

Little finger

21
Q

Range of growth 0.5-1.2 mm per week

A
22
Q

Why do nails grow more quickly in the summer than in the winter? 

A

Because the heat stimulates the blood circulation to the nails

23
Q

Growth of nails peak when

A

10-14 years of age

24
Q

Age growth of nail declines

A

After 20

25
Q

List slow nail growth factors

A

Heredity and health 

How often you use hands

Poor circulation

Malnutrition

Lactation

Serious infections

Psoriasis

Certain medications

Immobilization / paralysation

26
Q

Characteristics of healthy nails

A

Strength

Hardness

Flexibility

Toughness

27
Q

What factors affect nails health?

A

Exposure to water

Household solvents (cleaners)

28
Q

How does water exposure affect nails?

A

Water absorbs into the nail plate causing nails to shift and change shape

Repeated or prolonged exposure to water can result in dry, split, brittle, or peeling nails

29
Q

How do household cleaners affect nails?

A

May have a lasting effect on the nail plate

Overexposure results in irritation or allergic contact dermatitis

Symptoms: red, swollen, irritated, itchy skin

It is recommended that people wear gloves when exposing themselves to excess amounts of water or household cleaners

Mani/Pedi (10 decks)

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